The association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease in the Western Cape, South Africa

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dc.contributor.authorBasson, Abigailen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSwart, Rinaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorJordaan, Esmeen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMazinu, Mikatekoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWatermeyer, Gillianen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-18T07:06:26Z
dc.date.available2015-11-18T07:06:26Z
dc.date.issued2014en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Environmental factors during childhood are thought to play a role in the aetiolgy of Crohn's Disease (CD). However the association between age at time of exposure and the subsequent development of CD in South Africa is unknown. METHODS: A case control study of all consecutive CD patients seen at 2 large inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) referral centers in the Western Cape, South Africa between September 2011 and January 2013 was performed. Numerous environmental exposures during 3 age intervals; 0-5, 6-10 and 11-18 years were extracted using an investigator administered questionnaire. An agreement analysis was performed to determine the reliability of questionnaire data for all the relevant variables. RESULTS: This study included 194 CD patients and 213 controls. On multiple logistic regression analysis, a number of childhood environmental exposures during the 3 age interval were significantly associated with the risk of developing CD. During the age interval 6-10 years, never having had consumed unpasteurized milk (OR = 5.84; 95% CI, 2.73-13.53) and never having a donkey, horse, sheep or cow on the property (OR = 2.48; 95% CI, 1.09-5.98) significantly increased the risk of developing future CD. During the age interval 11-18 years, an independent risk-association was identified for; never having consumed unpasteurized milk (OR = 2.60; 95% CI, 1.17-6.10) and second-hand cigarette smoke exposure (OR = 1.93; 95% CI, 1.13-3.35). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that both limited microbial exposures and exposure to second-hand cigarette smoke during childhood is associated with future development of CD.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationBasson, A., Swart, R., Jordaan, E., Mazinu, M., & Watermeyer, G. (2014). The association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease in the Western Cape, South Africa. <i>PLoS One</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15117en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationBasson, Abigail, Rina Swart, Esme Jordaan, Mikateko Mazinu, and Gillian Watermeyer "The association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease in the Western Cape, South Africa." <i>PLoS One</i> (2014) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15117en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationBasson, A., Swart, R., Jordaan, E., Mazinu, M., & Watermeyer, G. (2014). The association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease in the Western Cape, South Africa. PloS one, 9(12), e115492. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115492en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Basson, Abigail AU - Swart, Rina AU - Jordaan, Esme AU - Mazinu, Mikateko AU - Watermeyer, Gillian AB - BACKGROUND: Environmental factors during childhood are thought to play a role in the aetiolgy of Crohn's Disease (CD). However the association between age at time of exposure and the subsequent development of CD in South Africa is unknown. METHODS: A case control study of all consecutive CD patients seen at 2 large inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) referral centers in the Western Cape, South Africa between September 2011 and January 2013 was performed. Numerous environmental exposures during 3 age intervals; 0-5, 6-10 and 11-18 years were extracted using an investigator administered questionnaire. An agreement analysis was performed to determine the reliability of questionnaire data for all the relevant variables. RESULTS: This study included 194 CD patients and 213 controls. On multiple logistic regression analysis, a number of childhood environmental exposures during the 3 age interval were significantly associated with the risk of developing CD. During the age interval 6-10 years, never having had consumed unpasteurized milk (OR = 5.84; 95% CI, 2.73-13.53) and never having a donkey, horse, sheep or cow on the property (OR = 2.48; 95% CI, 1.09-5.98) significantly increased the risk of developing future CD. During the age interval 11-18 years, an independent risk-association was identified for; never having consumed unpasteurized milk (OR = 2.60; 95% CI, 1.17-6.10) and second-hand cigarette smoke exposure (OR = 1.93; 95% CI, 1.13-3.35). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that both limited microbial exposures and exposure to second-hand cigarette smoke during childhood is associated with future development of CD. DA - 2014 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0115492 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - PLoS One LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2014 T1 - The association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease in the Western Cape, South Africa TI - The association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease in the Western Cape, South Africa UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15117 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/15117
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115492
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationBasson A, Swart R, Jordaan E, Mazinu M, Watermeyer G. The association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease in the Western Cape, South Africa. PLoS One. 2014; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15117.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Surgical Gastroenterologyen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.en_ZA
dc.rights.holder© 2014 Basson et alen_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_ZA
dc.sourcePLoS Oneen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosoneen_ZA
dc.subject.otherSmoking habitsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherMilken_ZA
dc.subject.otherSmoking related disordersen_ZA
dc.subject.otherAssesen_ZA
dc.subject.otherHorsesen_ZA
dc.subject.otherQuestionnairesen_ZA
dc.subject.otherSheepen_ZA
dc.subject.otherMicrobiomeen_ZA
dc.titleThe association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of Crohn's Disease in the Western Cape, South Africaen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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