Recombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate the adaptive value of recombination during maize streak virus evolution

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dc.contributor.authorMonjane, Aderitoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorvan der Walt, Ericen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorVarsani, Arvinden_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRybicki, Edwarden_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMartin, Darrenen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-30T09:32:13Z
dc.date.available2015-10-30T09:32:13Z
dc.date.issued2011en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND:Maize streak virus -strain A (MSV-A; Genus Mastrevirus, Family Geminiviridae), the maize-adapted strain of MSV that causes maize streak disease throughout sub-Saharan Africa, probably arose between 100 and 200 years ago via homologous recombination between two MSV strains adapted to wild grasses. MSV recombination experiments and analyses of natural MSV recombination patterns have revealed that this recombination event entailed the exchange of the movement protein - coat protein gene cassette, bounded by the two genomic regions most prone to recombination in mastrevirus genomes; the first surrounding the virion-strand origin of replication, and the second around the interface between the coat protein gene and the short intergenic region. Therefore, aside from the likely adaptive advantages presented by a modular exchange of this cassette, these specific breakpoints may have been largely predetermined by the underlying mechanisms of mastrevirus recombination. To investigate this hypothesis, we constructed artificial, low-fitness, reciprocal chimaeric MSV genomes using alternating genomic segments from two MSV strains; a grass-adapted MSV-B, and a maize-adapted MSV-A. Between them, each pair of reciprocal chimaeric genomes represented all of the genetic material required to reconstruct - via recombination - the highly maize-adapted MSV-A genotype, MSV-MatA. We then co-infected a selection of differentially MSV-resistant maize genotypes with pairs of reciprocal chimaeras to determine the efficiency with which recombination would give rise to high-fitness progeny genomes resembling MSV-MatA. RESULTS: Recombinants resembling MSV-MatA invariably arose in all of our experiments. However, the accuracy and efficiency with which the MSV-MatA genotype was recovered across all replicates of each experiment depended on the MSV susceptibility of the maize genotypes used and the precise positions - in relation to known recombination hotspots - of the breakpoints required to re-create MSV-MatA. Although the MSV-sensitive maize genotype gave rise to the greatest variety of recombinants, the measured fitness of each of these recombinants correlated with their similarity to MSV-MatA. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanistic predispositions of different MSV genomic regions to recombination can strongly influence the accessibility of high-fitness MSV recombinants. The frequency with which the fittest recombinant MSV genomes arise also correlates directly with the escalating selection pressures imposed by increasingly MSV-resistant maize hosts.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationMonjane, A., van der Walt, E., Varsani, A., Rybicki, E., & Martin, D. (2011). Recombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate the adaptive value of recombination during maize streak virus evolution. <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14520en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMonjane, Aderito, Eric van der Walt, Arvind Varsani, Edward Rybicki, and Darren Martin "Recombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate the adaptive value of recombination during maize streak virus evolution." <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i> (2011) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14520en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMonjane, A. L., van der Walt, E., Varsani, A., Rybicki, E. P., & Martin, D. P. (2011). Recombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate the adaptive value of recombination during maize streak virus evolution. BMC evolutionary biology, 11(1), 350.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Monjane, Aderito AU - van der Walt, Eric AU - Varsani, Arvind AU - Rybicki, Edward AU - Martin, Darren AB - BACKGROUND:Maize streak virus -strain A (MSV-A; Genus Mastrevirus, Family Geminiviridae), the maize-adapted strain of MSV that causes maize streak disease throughout sub-Saharan Africa, probably arose between 100 and 200 years ago via homologous recombination between two MSV strains adapted to wild grasses. MSV recombination experiments and analyses of natural MSV recombination patterns have revealed that this recombination event entailed the exchange of the movement protein - coat protein gene cassette, bounded by the two genomic regions most prone to recombination in mastrevirus genomes; the first surrounding the virion-strand origin of replication, and the second around the interface between the coat protein gene and the short intergenic region. Therefore, aside from the likely adaptive advantages presented by a modular exchange of this cassette, these specific breakpoints may have been largely predetermined by the underlying mechanisms of mastrevirus recombination. To investigate this hypothesis, we constructed artificial, low-fitness, reciprocal chimaeric MSV genomes using alternating genomic segments from two MSV strains; a grass-adapted MSV-B, and a maize-adapted MSV-A. Between them, each pair of reciprocal chimaeric genomes represented all of the genetic material required to reconstruct - via recombination - the highly maize-adapted MSV-A genotype, MSV-MatA. We then co-infected a selection of differentially MSV-resistant maize genotypes with pairs of reciprocal chimaeras to determine the efficiency with which recombination would give rise to high-fitness progeny genomes resembling MSV-MatA. RESULTS: Recombinants resembling MSV-MatA invariably arose in all of our experiments. However, the accuracy and efficiency with which the MSV-MatA genotype was recovered across all replicates of each experiment depended on the MSV susceptibility of the maize genotypes used and the precise positions - in relation to known recombination hotspots - of the breakpoints required to re-create MSV-MatA. Although the MSV-sensitive maize genotype gave rise to the greatest variety of recombinants, the measured fitness of each of these recombinants correlated with their similarity to MSV-MatA. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanistic predispositions of different MSV genomic regions to recombination can strongly influence the accessibility of high-fitness MSV recombinants. The frequency with which the fittest recombinant MSV genomes arise also correlates directly with the escalating selection pressures imposed by increasingly MSV-resistant maize hosts. DA - 2011 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1186/1471-2148-11-350 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - BMC Evolutionary Biology LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2011 T1 - Recombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate the adaptive value of recombination during maize streak virus evolution TI - Recombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate the adaptive value of recombination during maize streak virus evolution UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14520 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/14520
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-350
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMonjane A, van der Walt E, Varsani A, Rybicki E, Martin D. Recombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate the adaptive value of recombination during maize streak virus evolution. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2011; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14520.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltden_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biologyen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen_ZA
dc.rights.holder2011 Monjane et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0en_ZA
dc.sourceBMC Evolutionary Biologyen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcevolbiol/en_ZA
dc.subject.otherAdaptation, Biologicalen_ZA
dc.subject.otherDisease Resistanceen_ZA
dc.subject.otherEvolution, Molecularen_ZA
dc.subject.otherMaize streak virusen_ZA
dc.titleRecombination hotspots and host susceptibility modulate the adaptive value of recombination during maize streak virus evolutionen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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