Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses
dc.contributor.author | Passmore, Jo-Ann | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Morroni, Chelsea | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Shapiro, Samual | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Williamson, Anna-Lise | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Hoffman, Margaret | en_ZA |
dc.date.accessioned | 2015-10-12T11:01:55Z | |
dc.date.available | 2015-10-12T11:01:55Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | en_ZA |
dc.description.abstract | In a case-control study among 2064 South African women to investigate the risk of clinically invasive cancer of the cervix, we found a marked reduction in the risk of cervical cancer among women who gave a history of ever having undergone even a single Pap smear, and a statistically significant decline in the HPV positivity rate correlated with the lifetime number of Pap smears received. HPV infections and their associated low-grade lesions commonly regress, indicating that most often there is an effective host immune response against HPV infection. We hypothesized that act of performing a Pap smear is associated with inflammatory responses at the site of trauma, the cervix, and that this inflammatory signalling may be an immunological factor initiating these productive anti-HPV responses. In the present study, a randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 80 healthy young women to investigate the impact of performing a Pap smear on cervical inflammation. Forty one women, in the intervention group, received a Pap smear at enrollment and cervicovaginal lavages (CVLs) were collected at baseline and 2 weeks later. Thirty nine women received no intervention at enrollment (control group) but CVLs were collected at enrolment and 2 weeks later. We assessed various markers of inflammation including IL-12 p70, TNF-alpha, IL-8, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1beta in CVL specimens. While CVL levels of IL-8, IL-1beta and IL-6 remained unchanged following a Pap smear, markers of cell mediated immunity (IL-12 p70 and TNF-alpha) and T cell regulation (IL-10) were significantly elevated. | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.apacitation | Passmore, J., Morroni, C., Shapiro, S., Williamson, A., & Hoffman, M. (2007). Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses. <i>Journal of Inflammation</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14218 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.chicagocitation | Passmore, Jo-Ann, Chelsea Morroni, Samual Shapiro, Anna-Lise Williamson, and Margaret Hoffman "Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses." <i>Journal of Inflammation</i> (2007) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14218 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation | Passmore, J. A., Morroni, C., Shapiro, S., Williamson, A. L., & Hoffman, M. (2007). Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses. Journal of Inflamm (Lond), 4(8). | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.ris | TY - Journal Article AU - Passmore, Jo-Ann AU - Morroni, Chelsea AU - Shapiro, Samual AU - Williamson, Anna-Lise AU - Hoffman, Margaret AB - In a case-control study among 2064 South African women to investigate the risk of clinically invasive cancer of the cervix, we found a marked reduction in the risk of cervical cancer among women who gave a history of ever having undergone even a single Pap smear, and a statistically significant decline in the HPV positivity rate correlated with the lifetime number of Pap smears received. HPV infections and their associated low-grade lesions commonly regress, indicating that most often there is an effective host immune response against HPV infection. We hypothesized that act of performing a Pap smear is associated with inflammatory responses at the site of trauma, the cervix, and that this inflammatory signalling may be an immunological factor initiating these productive anti-HPV responses. In the present study, a randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 80 healthy young women to investigate the impact of performing a Pap smear on cervical inflammation. Forty one women, in the intervention group, received a Pap smear at enrollment and cervicovaginal lavages (CVLs) were collected at baseline and 2 weeks later. Thirty nine women received no intervention at enrollment (control group) but CVLs were collected at enrolment and 2 weeks later. We assessed various markers of inflammation including IL-12 p70, TNF-alpha, IL-8, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1beta in CVL specimens. While CVL levels of IL-8, IL-1beta and IL-6 remained unchanged following a Pap smear, markers of cell mediated immunity (IL-12 p70 and TNF-alpha) and T cell regulation (IL-10) were significantly elevated. DA - 2007 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town J1 - Journal of Inflammation LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2007 T1 - Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses TI - Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14218 ER - | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.uri | 10.1186/1476-9255-4-8 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14218 | |
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation | Passmore J, Morroni C, Shapiro S, Williamson A, Hoffman M. Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses. Journal of Inflammation. 2007; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14218. | en_ZA |
dc.language.iso | eng | en_ZA |
dc.publisher | BioMed Central Ltd | en_ZA |
dc.publisher.department | Department of Public Health and Family Medicine | en_ZA |
dc.publisher.faculty | Faculty of Health Sciences | en_ZA |
dc.publisher.institution | University of Cape Town | |
dc.rights | This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License | en_ZA |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 | en_ZA |
dc.source | Journal of Inflammation | en_ZA |
dc.source.uri | http://www.journal-inflammation.com/ | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Cervical cancer | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Papanicolaou smears | en_ZA |
dc.title | Papanicolaou smears and cervical inflammatory cytokine responses | en_ZA |
dc.type | Journal Article | en_ZA |
uct.type.filetype | Text | |
uct.type.filetype | Image | |
uct.type.publication | Research | en_ZA |
uct.type.resource | Article | en_ZA |
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