Gangs and youth at risk in the Western Cape a review of the literature

Choritz, Sharon Lisa

Gangs and youth at risk in the Western Cape a review of the literature

Thesis / Dissertation

2007

Publisher

University of Cape Town

Department

Centre for Law and Society

Faculty

Faculty of Law

Abstract

Gangs affect countries the world-over. The formation and consolidation of criminal gangs remains entwined with political, economic and social factors. In this minor dissertation criminological debates relating to the phenomenon of gangs are explored within the South African context, with a particular focus upon marginalised youth in the Western Cape. By drawing on a range of scholarly material, documentary material and legislative reports, a number of thematic issues relevant to the development and regulation (control) of gangs in South Africa are considered. South African history played a significant role in gang formation and development, especially amongst marginalised youth. In the case of South Africa, a number of political and socio economic factors provided a fertile breeding ground for the formation of gangs. The range of factors is discussed in this paper. Furthermore, legislation designed to stifle gang activity will be reviewed and intervention strategies identified and assessed. In the final instance I argue that gangsterism needs to be addressed holistically. A holistic approach will have to involve socio-economic development, community involvement and law enforcement. A truly holistic approach requires the co-ordination of the various relevant stakeholders as well as the growth of human development so as to address the psychological needs of marginalised youth, an important tool for youth identity and transformation.