Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with life-threatening motor vehicle collisions in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

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dc.contributor.authorStein, Dan J
dc.contributor.authorKaram, Elie G
dc.contributor.authorShahly, Victoria
dc.contributor.authorHill, Eric D
dc.contributor.authorKing, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorPetukhova, Maria
dc.contributor.authorAtwoli, Lukoye
dc.contributor.authorBromet, Evelyn J
dc.contributor.authorFlorescu, Silvia
dc.contributor.authorHaro, Josep M
dc.contributor.authorHinkov, Hristo
dc.contributor.authorKaram, Aimee
dc.contributor.authorMedina-Mora, María E
dc.contributor.authorNavarro-Mateu, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorPiazza, Marina
dc.contributor.authorShalev, Arieh
dc.contributor.authorTorres, Yolanda
dc.contributor.authorZaslavsky, Alan M
dc.contributor.authorKessler, Ronald C
dc.date.accessioned2016-07-26T06:41:19Z
dc.date.available2016-07-26T06:41:19Z
dc.date.issued2016-07-22
dc.date.updated2016-07-22T18:02:08Z
dc.description.abstractBackground: Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a substantial contributor to the global burden of disease and lead to subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the relevant literature originates in only a few countries, and much remains unknown about MVC-related PTSD prevalence and predictors. Methods: Data come from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, a coordinated series of community epidemiological surveys of mental disorders throughout the world. The subset of 13 surveys (5 in high income countries, 8 in middle or low income countries) with respondents reporting PTSD after lifethreatening MVCs are considered here. Six classes of predictors were assessed: socio-demographics, characteristics of the MVC, childhood family adversities, MVCs, other traumatic experiences, and respondent history of prior mental disorders. Logistic regression was used to examine predictors of PTSD. Mental disorders were assessed with the fully-structured Composite International Diagnostic Interview using DSM-IV criteria. Results: Prevalence of PTSD associated with MVCs perceived to be life-threatening was 2.5 % overall and did not vary significantly across countries. PTSD was significantly associated with low respondent education, someone dying in the MVC, the respondent or someone else being seriously injured, childhood family adversities, prior MVCs (but not other traumatic experiences), and number of prior anxiety disorders. The final model was significantly predictive of PTSD, with 32 % of all PTSD occurring among the 5 % of respondents classified by the model as having highest PTSD risk. Conclusion: Although PTSD is a relatively rare outcome of life-threatening MVCs, a substantial minority of PTSD cases occur among the relatively small proportion of people with highest predicted risk. This raises the question whether MVC-related PTSD could be reduced with preventive interventions targeted to high-risk survivors using models based on predictors assessed in the immediate aftermath of the MVCs.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationStein, D. J., Karam, E. G., Shahly, V., Hill, E. D., King, A., Petukhova, M., ... Kessler, R. C. (2016). Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with life-threatening motor vehicle collisions in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. <i>BMC Psychiatry</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20731en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationStein, Dan J, Elie G Karam, Victoria Shahly, Eric D Hill, Andrew King, Maria Petukhova, Lukoye Atwoli, et al "Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with life-threatening motor vehicle collisions in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys." <i>BMC Psychiatry</i> (2016) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20731en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationStein, D. J., Karam, E. G., Shahly, V., Hill, E. D., King, A., Petukhova, M., ... & Hinkov, H. (2016). Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with life-threatening motor vehicle collisions in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. BMC Psychiatry, 16(1), 257.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1471-244Xen_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Stein, Dan J AU - Karam, Elie G AU - Shahly, Victoria AU - Hill, Eric D AU - King, Andrew AU - Petukhova, Maria AU - Atwoli, Lukoye AU - Bromet, Evelyn J AU - Florescu, Silvia AU - Haro, Josep M AU - Hinkov, Hristo AU - Karam, Aimee AU - Medina-Mora, María E AU - Navarro-Mateu, Fernando AU - Piazza, Marina AU - Shalev, Arieh AU - Torres, Yolanda AU - Zaslavsky, Alan M AU - Kessler, Ronald C AB - Background: Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a substantial contributor to the global burden of disease and lead to subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the relevant literature originates in only a few countries, and much remains unknown about MVC-related PTSD prevalence and predictors. Methods: Data come from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, a coordinated series of community epidemiological surveys of mental disorders throughout the world. The subset of 13 surveys (5 in high income countries, 8 in middle or low income countries) with respondents reporting PTSD after lifethreatening MVCs are considered here. Six classes of predictors were assessed: socio-demographics, characteristics of the MVC, childhood family adversities, MVCs, other traumatic experiences, and respondent history of prior mental disorders. Logistic regression was used to examine predictors of PTSD. Mental disorders were assessed with the fully-structured Composite International Diagnostic Interview using DSM-IV criteria. Results: Prevalence of PTSD associated with MVCs perceived to be life-threatening was 2.5 % overall and did not vary significantly across countries. PTSD was significantly associated with low respondent education, someone dying in the MVC, the respondent or someone else being seriously injured, childhood family adversities, prior MVCs (but not other traumatic experiences), and number of prior anxiety disorders. The final model was significantly predictive of PTSD, with 32 % of all PTSD occurring among the 5 % of respondents classified by the model as having highest PTSD risk. Conclusion: Although PTSD is a relatively rare outcome of life-threatening MVCs, a substantial minority of PTSD cases occur among the relatively small proportion of people with highest predicted risk. This raises the question whether MVC-related PTSD could be reduced with preventive interventions targeted to high-risk survivors using models based on predictors assessed in the immediate aftermath of the MVCs. DA - 2016-07-22 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1186/s12888-016-0957-8 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - BMC Psychiatry KW - Posttraumatic stress disorder KW - PTSD KW - Motor vehicle collision LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2016 SM - 1471-244X T1 - Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with life-threatening motor vehicle collisions in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys TI - Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with life-threatening motor vehicle collisions in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20731 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0957-8
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/20731
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationStein DJ, Karam EG, Shahly V, Hill ED, King A, Petukhova M, et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with life-threatening motor vehicle collisions in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. BMC Psychiatry. 2016; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20731.en_ZA
dc.languageengen_ZA
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Healthen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)*
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s).
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_ZA
dc.sourceBMC Psychiatryen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/
dc.subjectPosttraumatic stress disorder
dc.subjectPTSD
dc.subjectMotor vehicle collision
dc.titlePost-traumatic stress disorder associated with life-threatening motor vehicle collisions in the WHO World Mental Health Surveysen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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