A retrospective descriptive review of children diagnosed with Henoch Schönlein purpura at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital over a 5-year period (2015-2019)
| dc.contributor.advisor | Buys, Heloise | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | McCulloch, Mignon | |
| dc.contributor.author | Makhewarene, Mpho Melinkhov | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-04-28T13:53:03Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-04-28T13:53:03Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2026-04-28T13:45:52Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | Background: IgA vasculitis, formerly known as Henoch-Schönlein Purpura, is the most common primary vasculitis in childhood. The prevalence, variation in clinical features, and outcomes of IgA vasculitis in low-to-middle income countries are poorly understood, due to a lack of published research. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive description of IgA vasculitis cases encountered at a South African children's hospital. Methods: A retrospective folder review of all children with a discharge diagnosis of IgA vasculitis at (RCWMCH) a tertiary children's hospital between January 2015 and December 2019 was performed. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, management and short-term outcomes were summarised; conventional descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyse the dataset. Results: Forty-nine children were eligible for inclusion in the analysis, mean age was 6 years and 5 months, male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Rash was the presenting symptom in 48 (97%) children; arthralgia 41 (84%), abdominal pain 18 (37%); oedema manifested as scrotal oedema in 1 (2%) and angioedema in three (6%) children. Kidney involvement was evident in twenty-five (51%) children with proteinuria and or haematuria, while isolated microscopic haematuria occurred in six (12%). Complications were infrequent, five (10%) patients had IgA nephritis on biopsy and one (2%) had a gastrointestinal bleed. The mean length of hospital stay was 1.6 (SD 2) days. At one year of followup, two (4%) children had persistent proteinuria and only one patient (2%) still had haematuria. Conclusion: The clinical course of IgA vasculitis in this cohort of South African children was mostly self-limiting, consistent with international literature. However, patients with persistent haematuria or proteinuria require longer-term follow-up. Collaborative studies within South Africa and subSaharan Africa may provide a more accurate picture of the epidemiology of childhood HSP and its complication rates. | |
| dc.identifier.apacitation | Makhewarene, M. M. (2023). <i>A retrospective descriptive review of children diagnosed with Henoch Schönlein purpura at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital over a 5-year period (2015-2019)</i>. (). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/43145 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.chicagocitation | Makhewarene, Mpho Melinkhov. <i>"A retrospective descriptive review of children diagnosed with Henoch Schönlein purpura at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital over a 5-year period (2015-2019)."</i> ., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2023. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/43145 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.citation | Makhewarene, M.M. 2023. A retrospective descriptive review of children diagnosed with Henoch Schönlein purpura at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital over a 5-year period (2015-2019). . University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/43145 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.ris | TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Makhewarene, Mpho Melinkhov AB - Background: IgA vasculitis, formerly known as Henoch-Schönlein Purpura, is the most common primary vasculitis in childhood. The prevalence, variation in clinical features, and outcomes of IgA vasculitis in low-to-middle income countries are poorly understood, due to a lack of published research. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive description of IgA vasculitis cases encountered at a South African children's hospital. Methods: A retrospective folder review of all children with a discharge diagnosis of IgA vasculitis at (RCWMCH) a tertiary children's hospital between January 2015 and December 2019 was performed. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, management and short-term outcomes were summarised; conventional descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyse the dataset. Results: Forty-nine children were eligible for inclusion in the analysis, mean age was 6 years and 5 months, male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Rash was the presenting symptom in 48 (97%) children; arthralgia 41 (84%), abdominal pain 18 (37%); oedema manifested as scrotal oedema in 1 (2%) and angioedema in three (6%) children. Kidney involvement was evident in twenty-five (51%) children with proteinuria and or haematuria, while isolated microscopic haematuria occurred in six (12%). Complications were infrequent, five (10%) patients had IgA nephritis on biopsy and one (2%) had a gastrointestinal bleed. The mean length of hospital stay was 1.6 (SD 2) days. At one year of followup, two (4%) children had persistent proteinuria and only one patient (2%) still had haematuria. Conclusion: The clinical course of IgA vasculitis in this cohort of South African children was mostly self-limiting, consistent with international literature. However, patients with persistent haematuria or proteinuria require longer-term follow-up. Collaborative studies within South Africa and subSaharan Africa may provide a more accurate picture of the epidemiology of childhood HSP and its complication rates. DA - 2023 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town KW - Paediatrics and Child Health KW - abdominal pain KW - IgA Vasculitis KW - Henoch Schönlein purpura KW - HSP KW - children KW - proteinuria KW - Africa LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2023 T1 - A retrospective descriptive review of children diagnosed with Henoch Schönlein purpura at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital over a 5-year period (2015-2019) TI - A retrospective descriptive review of children diagnosed with Henoch Schönlein purpura at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital over a 5-year period (2015-2019) UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/43145 ER - | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/43145 | |
| dc.identifier.vancouvercitation | Makhewarene MM. A retrospective descriptive review of children diagnosed with Henoch Schönlein purpura at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital over a 5-year period (2015-2019). []. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2023 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/43145 | en_ZA |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.language.rfc3066 | eng | |
| dc.publisher.department | Department of Paediatrics and Child Health | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Faculty of Health Sciences | |
| dc.publisher.institution | University of Cape Town | |
| dc.subject | Paediatrics and Child Health | |
| dc.subject | abdominal pain | |
| dc.subject | IgA Vasculitis | |
| dc.subject | Henoch Schönlein purpura | |
| dc.subject | HSP | |
| dc.subject | children | |
| dc.subject | proteinuria | |
| dc.subject | Africa | |
| dc.title | A retrospective descriptive review of children diagnosed with Henoch Schönlein purpura at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital over a 5-year period (2015-2019) | |
| dc.type | Thesis / Dissertation | |
| dc.type.qualificationlevel | Masters | |
| dc.type.qualificationlevel | Masters |