Economic burden of heart failure: investigating outpatient and inpatient costs in abeokuta, southwest Nigeria

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dc.contributor.authorOgah, Okechukwu Sen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorStewart, Simonen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorOnwujekwe, Obinna Een_ZA
dc.contributor.authorFalase, Ayodele Oen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorAdebayo, Saheed Oen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorOlunuga, Taiwoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSliwa, Karenen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-11T14:26:57Z
dc.date.available2015-11-11T14:26:57Z
dc.date.issued2014en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBackground: Heart failure (HF) is a deadly, disabling and often costly syndrome world-wide. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of data describing its economic impact in sub Saharan Africa; a region in which the number of relatively younger cases will inevitably rise. Methods: Heath economic data were extracted from a prospective HF registry in a tertiary hospital situated in Abeokuta, southwest Nigeria. Outpatient and inpatient costs were computed from a representative cohort of 239 HF cases including personnel, diagnostic and treatment resources used for their management over a 12-month period. Indirect costs were also calculated. The annual cost per person was then calculated. Results: Mean age of the cohort was 58.0±15.1 years and 53.1% were men. The total computed cost of care of HF in Abeokuta was 76, 288,845 Nigerian Naira (US$508, 595) translating to 319,200 Naira (US$2,128 US Dollars) per patient per year. The total cost of in-patient care (46% of total health care expenditure) was estimated as 34,996,477 Naira (about 301,230 US dollars). This comprised of 17,899,977 Naira- 50.9% ($US114,600) and 17,806,500 naira −49.1%($US118,710) for direct and in-direct costs respectively. Out-patient cost was estimated as 41,292,368 Naira ($US 275,282). The relatively high cost of outpatient care was largely due to cost of transportation for monthly follow up visits. Payments were mostly made through out-of-pocket spending. Conclusion: The economic burden of HF in Nigeria is particularly high considering, the relatively young age of affected cases, a minimum wage of 18,000 Naira ($US120) per month and considerable component of out-of-pocket spending for those affected. Health reforms designed to mitigate the individual to societal burden imposed by the syndrome are required.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationOgah, O. S., Stewart, S., Onwujekwe, O. E., Falase, A. O., Adebayo, S. O., Olunuga, T., & Sliwa, K. (2014). Economic burden of heart failure: investigating outpatient and inpatient costs in abeokuta, southwest Nigeria. <i>PLoS One</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14921en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationOgah, Okechukwu S, Simon Stewart, Obinna E Onwujekwe, Ayodele O Falase, Saheed O Adebayo, Taiwo Olunuga, and Karen Sliwa "Economic burden of heart failure: investigating outpatient and inpatient costs in abeokuta, southwest Nigeria." <i>PLoS One</i> (2014) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14921en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationOgah, O. S., Stewart, S., Onwujekwe, O. E., Falase, A. O., Adebayo, S. O., Olunuga, T., & Sliwa, K. (2013). Economic burden of heart failure: investigating outpatient and inpatient costs in abeokuta, southwest Nigeria. PloS one, 9(11), e113032. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113032en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Ogah, Okechukwu S AU - Stewart, Simon AU - Onwujekwe, Obinna E AU - Falase, Ayodele O AU - Adebayo, Saheed O AU - Olunuga, Taiwo AU - Sliwa, Karen AB - Background: Heart failure (HF) is a deadly, disabling and often costly syndrome world-wide. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of data describing its economic impact in sub Saharan Africa; a region in which the number of relatively younger cases will inevitably rise. Methods: Heath economic data were extracted from a prospective HF registry in a tertiary hospital situated in Abeokuta, southwest Nigeria. Outpatient and inpatient costs were computed from a representative cohort of 239 HF cases including personnel, diagnostic and treatment resources used for their management over a 12-month period. Indirect costs were also calculated. The annual cost per person was then calculated. Results: Mean age of the cohort was 58.0±15.1 years and 53.1% were men. The total computed cost of care of HF in Abeokuta was 76, 288,845 Nigerian Naira (US$508, 595) translating to 319,200 Naira (US$2,128 US Dollars) per patient per year. The total cost of in-patient care (46% of total health care expenditure) was estimated as 34,996,477 Naira (about 301,230 US dollars). This comprised of 17,899,977 Naira- 50.9% ($US114,600) and 17,806,500 naira −49.1%($US118,710) for direct and in-direct costs respectively. Out-patient cost was estimated as 41,292,368 Naira ($US 275,282). The relatively high cost of outpatient care was largely due to cost of transportation for monthly follow up visits. Payments were mostly made through out-of-pocket spending. Conclusion: The economic burden of HF in Nigeria is particularly high considering, the relatively young age of affected cases, a minimum wage of 18,000 Naira ($US120) per month and considerable component of out-of-pocket spending for those affected. Health reforms designed to mitigate the individual to societal burden imposed by the syndrome are required. DA - 2014 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0113032 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - PLoS One LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2014 T1 - Economic burden of heart failure: investigating outpatient and inpatient costs in abeokuta, southwest Nigeria TI - Economic burden of heart failure: investigating outpatient and inpatient costs in abeokuta, southwest Nigeria UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14921 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/14921
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113032
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationOgah OS, Stewart S, Onwujekwe OE, Falase AO, Adebayo SO, Olunuga T, et al. Economic burden of heart failure: investigating outpatient and inpatient costs in abeokuta, southwest Nigeria. PLoS One. 2014; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14921.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Cardiologyen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.en_ZA
dc.rights.holder© 2014 Ogah et alen_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_ZA
dc.sourcePLoS Oneen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosoneen_ZA
dc.subject.otherHeart failureen_ZA
dc.subject.otherHospitalsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherNigeriaen_ZA
dc.subject.otherOutpatientsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherAllied health care professionalsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherIndirect costsen_ZA
dc.titleEconomic burden of heart failure: investigating outpatient and inpatient costs in abeokuta, southwest Nigeriaen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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