Greenhouse gas network design using backward Lagrangian particle dispersion modelling – Part 2: Sensitivity analyses and South African test case

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dc.contributor.authorNickless, A
dc.contributor.authorRayner, PJ
dc.contributor.authorScholes, RJ
dc.contributor.authorEngelbrecht, F
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T06:20:11Z
dc.date.available2021-10-08T06:20:11Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractThis is the second part of a two-part paper considering a measurement network design based on a stochastic Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM) developed by Marek Uliasz, in this case for South Africa. A sensitivity analysis was performed for different specifications of the network design parameters which were applied to this South African test case. The LPDM, which can be used to derive the sensitivity matrix used in an atmospheric inversion, was run for each candidate station for the months of July (representative of the Southern Hemisphere winter) and January (summer). The network optimisation procedure was carried out under a standard set of conditions, similar to those applied to the Australian test case in Part 1, for both months and for the combined 2 months, using the incremental optimisation (IO) routine. The optimal network design setup was subtly changed, one parameter at a time, and the optimisation routine was re-run under each set of modified conditions and compared to the original optimal network design. The assessment of the similarity between network solutions showed that changing the height of the surface grid cells, including an uncertainty estimate for the ocean fluxes, or increasing the night-time observation error uncertainty did not result in any significant changes in the positioning of the stations relative to the standard design. However, changing the prior flux error covariance matrix, or increasing the spatial resolution, did. <br><br> Large aggregation errors were calculated for a number of candidate measurement sites using the resolution of the standard network design. Spatial resolution of the prior fluxes should be kept as close to the resolution of the transport model as the computing system can manage, to mitigate the exclusion of sites which could potentially be beneficial to the network. Including a generic correlation structure in the prior flux error covariance matrix led to pronounced changes in the network solution. The genetic algorithm (GA) was able to find a marginally better solution than the IO procedure, increasing uncertainty reduction by 0.3 %, but still included the most influential stations from the standard network design. In addition, the computational cost of the GA compared to IO was much higher. Overall the results suggest that a good improvement in knowledge of South African fluxes is available from a feasible atmospheric network, and that the general features of this network are invariable under several reasonable choices in a network design study.
dc.identifier.apacitationNickless, A., Rayner, P., Scholes, R., & Engelbrecht, F. (2015). Greenhouse gas network design using backward Lagrangian particle dispersion modelling – Part 2: Sensitivity analyses and South African test case. <i>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</i>, 15(4), 2051 - 2069. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34219en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationNickless, A, PJ Rayner, RJ Scholes, and F Engelbrecht "Greenhouse gas network design using backward Lagrangian particle dispersion modelling – Part 2: Sensitivity analyses and South African test case." <i>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</i> 15, 4. (2015): 2051 - 2069. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34219en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationNickless, A., Rayner, P., Scholes, R. & Engelbrecht, F. 2015. Greenhouse gas network design using backward Lagrangian particle dispersion modelling – Part 2: Sensitivity analyses and South African test case. <i>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.</i> 15(4):2051 - 2069. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34219en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1680-7316
dc.identifier.issn1680-7324
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Nickless, A AU - Rayner, PJ AU - Scholes, RJ AU - Engelbrecht, F AB - This is the second part of a two-part paper considering a measurement network design based on a stochastic Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM) developed by Marek Uliasz, in this case for South Africa. A sensitivity analysis was performed for different specifications of the network design parameters which were applied to this South African test case. The LPDM, which can be used to derive the sensitivity matrix used in an atmospheric inversion, was run for each candidate station for the months of July (representative of the Southern Hemisphere winter) and January (summer). The network optimisation procedure was carried out under a standard set of conditions, similar to those applied to the Australian test case in Part 1, for both months and for the combined 2 months, using the incremental optimisation (IO) routine. The optimal network design setup was subtly changed, one parameter at a time, and the optimisation routine was re-run under each set of modified conditions and compared to the original optimal network design. The assessment of the similarity between network solutions showed that changing the height of the surface grid cells, including an uncertainty estimate for the ocean fluxes, or increasing the night-time observation error uncertainty did not result in any significant changes in the positioning of the stations relative to the standard design. However, changing the prior flux error covariance matrix, or increasing the spatial resolution, did. <br><br> Large aggregation errors were calculated for a number of candidate measurement sites using the resolution of the standard network design. Spatial resolution of the prior fluxes should be kept as close to the resolution of the transport model as the computing system can manage, to mitigate the exclusion of sites which could potentially be beneficial to the network. Including a generic correlation structure in the prior flux error covariance matrix led to pronounced changes in the network solution. The genetic algorithm (GA) was able to find a marginally better solution than the IO procedure, increasing uncertainty reduction by 0.3 %, but still included the most influential stations from the standard network design. In addition, the computational cost of the GA compared to IO was much higher. Overall the results suggest that a good improvement in knowledge of South African fluxes is available from a feasible atmospheric network, and that the general features of this network are invariable under several reasonable choices in a network design study. DA - 2015 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 4 J1 - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2015 SM - 1680-7316 SM - 1680-7324 T1 - Greenhouse gas network design using backward Lagrangian particle dispersion modelling – Part 2: Sensitivity analyses and South African test case TI - Greenhouse gas network design using backward Lagrangian particle dispersion modelling – Part 2: Sensitivity analyses and South African test case UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34219 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/34219
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationNickless A, Rayner P, Scholes R, Engelbrecht F. Greenhouse gas network design using backward Lagrangian particle dispersion modelling – Part 2: Sensitivity analyses and South African test case. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2015;15(4):2051 - 2069. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34219.en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Statistical Sciences
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Science
dc.sourceAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics
dc.source.journalissue4
dc.source.journalvolume15
dc.source.pagination2051 - 2069
dc.source.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2051-2015
dc.subject.otherBurns
dc.subject.otherDisaster Planning
dc.subject.otherHumans
dc.subject.otherMass Casualty Incidents
dc.subject.otherNational Health Programs
dc.subject.otherPractice Guidelines as Topic
dc.subject.otherSocieties, Medical
dc.subject.otherSouth Africa
dc.titleGreenhouse gas network design using backward Lagrangian particle dispersion modelling – Part 2: Sensitivity analyses and South African test case
dc.typeJournal Article
uct.type.publicationResearch
uct.type.resourceJournal Article
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