Impact of Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis on Helminth Infections in HIV-Infected Patients in Lambar�n�, Gabon

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorJanssen, Saskiaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorHermans, Sabineen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKnap, Martijnen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMoekotte, Almaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRossatanga, Elie Gen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorAdegnika, Akim Aen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBélard, Sabineen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorHänscheid, Thomasen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorGrobusch, Martin Pen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-28T06:47:33Z
dc.date.available2015-12-28T06:47:33Z
dc.date.issued2015en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBackground: Foci of the HIV epidemic and helminthic infections largely overlap geographically. Treatment options for helminth infections are limited, and there is a paucity of drug-development research in this area. Limited evidence suggests that antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces prevalence of helminth infections in HIV-infected individuals. We investigated whether ART exposure and cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CTX-P) is associated with a reduced prevalence of helminth infections. Methodology and Principal Findings: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a primary HIV-clinic in Lambaréné, Gabon. HIV-infected adults who were ART-naïve or exposed to ART for at least 3 months submitted one blood sample and stool and urine samples on 3 consecutive days. Outcome was helminth infection with intestinal helminths, Schistosoma haematobium, Loa loa or Mansonella perstans. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between ART or CTX-P and helminth infection. In total, 408 patients were enrolled. Helminth infection was common (77/252 [30.5%]). Filarial infections were most prevalent (55/310 [17.7%]), followed by infection with intestinal helminths (35/296 [11.8%]) and S. haematobium (19/323 [5.9%]). Patients on CTX-P had a reduced risk of Loa loa microfilaremia (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.47, 95% CI 0.23-0.97, P = 0.04), also in the subgroup of patients on ART (aOR 0.36, 95% CI 0.13-0.96, P = 0.04). There was no effect of ART exposure on helminth infection prevalence. Conclusions/Significance: CTX-P use was associated with a decreased risk of Loa loa infection, suggesting an anthelminthic effect of antifolate drugs. No relation between ART use and helminth infections was established.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationJanssen, S., Hermans, S., Knap, M., Moekotte, A., Rossatanga, E. G., Adegnika, A. A., ... Grobusch, M. P. (2015). Impact of Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis on Helminth Infections in HIV-Infected Patients in Lambar�n�, Gabon. <i>PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16033en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationJanssen, Saskia, Sabine Hermans, Martijn Knap, Alma Moekotte, Elie G Rossatanga, Akim A Adegnika, Sabine Bélard, Thomas Hänscheid, and Martin P Grobusch "Impact of Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis on Helminth Infections in HIV-Infected Patients in Lambar�n�, Gabon." <i>PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases</i> (2015) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16033en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationJanssen, S., Hermans, S., Knap, M., Moekotte, A., Rossatanga, E. G., Adegnika, A. A., ... & Grobusch, M. P. (2015). Impact of Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis on Helminth Infections in HIV-Infected Patients in Lambarene, Gabon. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 9(5), e0003769. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003769en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Janssen, Saskia AU - Hermans, Sabine AU - Knap, Martijn AU - Moekotte, Alma AU - Rossatanga, Elie G AU - Adegnika, Akim A AU - Bélard, Sabine AU - Hänscheid, Thomas AU - Grobusch, Martin P AB - Background: Foci of the HIV epidemic and helminthic infections largely overlap geographically. Treatment options for helminth infections are limited, and there is a paucity of drug-development research in this area. Limited evidence suggests that antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces prevalence of helminth infections in HIV-infected individuals. We investigated whether ART exposure and cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CTX-P) is associated with a reduced prevalence of helminth infections. Methodology and Principal Findings: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a primary HIV-clinic in Lambaréné, Gabon. HIV-infected adults who were ART-naïve or exposed to ART for at least 3 months submitted one blood sample and stool and urine samples on 3 consecutive days. Outcome was helminth infection with intestinal helminths, Schistosoma haematobium, Loa loa or Mansonella perstans. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between ART or CTX-P and helminth infection. In total, 408 patients were enrolled. Helminth infection was common (77/252 [30.5%]). Filarial infections were most prevalent (55/310 [17.7%]), followed by infection with intestinal helminths (35/296 [11.8%]) and S. haematobium (19/323 [5.9%]). Patients on CTX-P had a reduced risk of Loa loa microfilaremia (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.47, 95% CI 0.23-0.97, P = 0.04), also in the subgroup of patients on ART (aOR 0.36, 95% CI 0.13-0.96, P = 0.04). There was no effect of ART exposure on helminth infection prevalence. Conclusions/Significance: CTX-P use was associated with a decreased risk of Loa loa infection, suggesting an anthelminthic effect of antifolate drugs. No relation between ART use and helminth infections was established. DA - 2015 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003769 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2015 T1 - Impact of Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis on Helminth Infections in HIV-Infected Patients in Lambar�n�, Gabon TI - Impact of Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis on Helminth Infections in HIV-Infected Patients in Lambar�n�, Gabon UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16033 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/16033
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003769
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationJanssen S, Hermans S, Knap M, Moekotte A, Rossatanga EG, Adegnika AA, et al. Impact of Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis on Helminth Infections in HIV-Infected Patients in Lambar�n�, Gabon. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2015; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16033.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicineen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are crediteden_ZA
dc.rights.holder© 2015 Janssen et alen_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_ZA
dc.sourcePLOS Neglected Tropical Diseasesen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosntdsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherHelminth infectionsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherHelminthsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherGastrointestinal tracten_ZA
dc.subject.otherLoa loaen_ZA
dc.subject.otherAntiretroviral therapyen_ZA
dc.subject.otherSchistosoma haematobiumen_ZA
dc.subject.otherUrineen_ZA
dc.subject.otherDrug interactionsen_ZA
dc.titleImpact of Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis on Helminth Infections in HIV-Infected Patients in Lambar�n�, Gabonen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
Janssen_Impact_of_ART_and_Cotrimoxazole_2015.pdf
Size:
479.47 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
Collections
Journal Articles