Magnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalences of low vision and blindness in rapid assessment of avoidable blindness surveys

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dc.contributor.advisorLewallen, Susanen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKaphle, Dineshen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2016-07-27T10:14:33Z
dc.date.available2016-07-27T10:14:33Z
dc.date.issued2016en_ZA
dc.description.abstractPart A of the dissertation includes the protocol of the study, which was approved by Faculty of Health Sciences Human Research Ethics Committee, University of Cape Town. The study was observational analytical, aiming to determine the magnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalence of low vision and prevalence of blindness using Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) surveys across World Bank regions. The surveys included in the study were available in the RAAB repository and obtained through permission from the primary investigators. A univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using the ratio as an outcome variable and potential explanatory variables as follows: prevalence of Uncorrected Refractive Error (URE), Cataract Surgical Coverage (CSC) at visual acuity 3/60, 6/60 and 6/18 for persons, logarithm of Gross Domestic Product per capita income and health expenditure per capita income. Part B contains the structured literature review. PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOHOST (Africa wide and MEDLINE) and Web of science databases were used to look for literature using the following key words: rapid assessment, blindness, age-related cataract, uncorrected refractive errors, low vision, visual impairment, avoidable OR curable OR preventable OR treatable. The summary of the literature review in addition to the gap in the literature is presented in the section. Part C includes a journal "ready" manuscript. The results showed that the ratio was between 1.35% in Mozambique and 11.03% in India. There was a statistically significant variation of the ratio across the regions: approximately 7.0 in South Asia and approximately 3.0 in Sub-Saharan Africa (X2=28.23, P<0.001). The variables: prevalence of Uncorrected Refractive Errors (URE), Cataract Surgical Coverage at visual acuity 3/60, 6/60 and 6/18 for persons, logarithm of Gross Domestic Product per capita and logarithm of health expenditure per capita were found to be statistically significantly associated with the ratio. However, only prevalence of URE and CSC at 3/60 for persons across the regions were found statistically significant in multivariate analysis.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationKaphle, D. (2016). <i>Magnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalences of low vision and blindness in rapid assessment of avoidable blindness surveys</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Ophthalmology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20836en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationKaphle, Dinesh. <i>"Magnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalences of low vision and blindness in rapid assessment of avoidable blindness surveys."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Ophthalmology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20836en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationKaphle, D. 2016. Magnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalences of low vision and blindness in rapid assessment of avoidable blindness surveys. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Kaphle, Dinesh AB - Part A of the dissertation includes the protocol of the study, which was approved by Faculty of Health Sciences Human Research Ethics Committee, University of Cape Town. The study was observational analytical, aiming to determine the magnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalence of low vision and prevalence of blindness using Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) surveys across World Bank regions. The surveys included in the study were available in the RAAB repository and obtained through permission from the primary investigators. A univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using the ratio as an outcome variable and potential explanatory variables as follows: prevalence of Uncorrected Refractive Error (URE), Cataract Surgical Coverage (CSC) at visual acuity 3/60, 6/60 and 6/18 for persons, logarithm of Gross Domestic Product per capita income and health expenditure per capita income. Part B contains the structured literature review. PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOHOST (Africa wide and MEDLINE) and Web of science databases were used to look for literature using the following key words: rapid assessment, blindness, age-related cataract, uncorrected refractive errors, low vision, visual impairment, avoidable OR curable OR preventable OR treatable. The summary of the literature review in addition to the gap in the literature is presented in the section. Part C includes a journal "ready" manuscript. The results showed that the ratio was between 1.35% in Mozambique and 11.03% in India. There was a statistically significant variation of the ratio across the regions: approximately 7.0 in South Asia and approximately 3.0 in Sub-Saharan Africa (X2=28.23, P<0.001). The variables: prevalence of Uncorrected Refractive Errors (URE), Cataract Surgical Coverage at visual acuity 3/60, 6/60 and 6/18 for persons, logarithm of Gross Domestic Product per capita and logarithm of health expenditure per capita were found to be statistically significantly associated with the ratio. However, only prevalence of URE and CSC at 3/60 for persons across the regions were found statistically significant in multivariate analysis. DA - 2016 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2016 T1 - Magnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalences of low vision and blindness in rapid assessment of avoidable blindness surveys TI - Magnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalences of low vision and blindness in rapid assessment of avoidable blindness surveys UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20836 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/20836
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationKaphle D. Magnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalences of low vision and blindness in rapid assessment of avoidable blindness surveys. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Ophthalmology, 2016 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20836en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Ophthalmologyen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherCommunity Eye Healthen_ZA
dc.titleMagnitude and determinants of the ratio between prevalences of low vision and blindness in rapid assessment of avoidable blindness surveysen_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMPHen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
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