Browsing by Subject "entropy"

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    Comparison of chemical freeze-out criteria in heavy-ion collisions
    (2006) Cleymans, J; Oeschler, H; Redlich, K; Wheaton, S
    One of the most remarkable results to emerge from heavy-ion collisions over the past two decades is the striking regularity shown by particle yields at all energies. This has led to several very successful proposals describing particle yields over a very wide range of beam energies, reaching from 1 A GeV up to 200 A GeV, using only one or two parameters. A systematic comparison of these proposals is presented here. The conditions of fixed energy per particle, baryon+anti-baryon density, normalized entropy density as well as percolation model are investigated. The results are compared with the most recent chemical freeze-out parameters obtained in the thermal-statistical analysis of particle yields. The sensitivity and dependence of the results on parameters is analyzed and discussed. It is shown that in the energy range above the top AGS energy, within present accuracies, all chemical freeze-out criteria give a fairly good description of the particle yields. However, the low energy heavy-ion data favor the constant energy per particle as a unified condition of chemical particle freeze-out. This condition also shows the weakest sensitivity on model assumptions and parameters.
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    PHY2009S - Intermediate Physics (2nd year)
    (2014-09-18) Buffler, Andy
    PHY2009S is a physics course primarily for students who have not completed PHY1004W, to prepare them for PHY2014F and PHY2015S. VECTOR FIELDS IN PHYSICS: Vector calculus; div, grad, curl; line-, surface- and volume integrals; Gauss' Theorem; Stokes' Theorem; simple applications to fluid dynamics and electromagnetism STATISTICAL MODELLING OF RADIATION AND MATTER: Mathematical descriptions of solids, liquids and gases; entropy; temperature; the Boltzmann distribution; thermodynamics; statistical models of photons; statistical models in quantum mechanics, wave-particle duality.