Browsing by Subject "Trust"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Accents, Race and Discrimination: Evidence from a Trust Game
    (2017-06-06) Yagman, Ece; Keswell, Malcolm
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    Open Access
    Correlates of COVID-19 vaccination intentions and opinions about mandates among four groups of adults in South Africa with distinct vaccine intentions: evidence from a large national survey
    (BioMed Central, 2023-09-11) Eyal, Katherine; Njozela, Lindokuhle; Köhler, Timothy; Ingle, Kim; Brophy, Timothy; Buttenheim, Alison; Maughan-Brown, Brendan
    Abstract Introduction Despite a high number of recorded COVID-19 infections and deaths in South Africa, COVID-19 vaccine coverage remained low in March 2022, ten months into the national vaccine roll-out. This study provides evidence on the correlates of vaccine intentions, attitudes towards vaccination and opinions about mandates. Methods We used data from the second COVID-19 Vaccine Survey (CVACS), a telephone survey conducted February-March 2022 among 3,608 South African adults who self-reported not being vaccinated against COVID-19. The survey instrument was designed in consultation with government, policymakers, and civil society; and segmented the sample into four distinct groups with different vaccine intentions (synonymous with vaccine hesitancy levels). Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to examine the sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes and behaviours associated with the different vaccination intentions groups. Thematic coding of responses to open-ended questions elicited insights on reasons for not being vaccinated and attitudes towards mandates. Results Intentions to get vaccinated were greater among individuals with lower socio-economic status (Mann–Whitney Z = -11.3, p < 0.001); those believing the vaccine protects against death (Kruskal–Wallis Χ2 = 494, p < 0.001); and those who perceived themselves at risk of COVID-19-related illness (Χ2 = 126, p < 0.01). Vaccine intentions were lower among individuals who believed that the vaccine causes death (Χ2 = 163, p < 0.001); believed that the vaccine is unsafe for the babies of pregnant/breastfeeding mothers, or the chronically ill (Χ2 = 123, p < 0.01); those not trusting government health information about COVID-19 and the COVID-19 vaccine (Kendall’s τ = -0.41, p < 0.01); and those in opposition to mandates (τ = 0.35, p < 0.001). Only 25% supported mandates, despite 48% thinking mandates would work well, with 54% citing individual rights as their main reason for mandate opposition. Conclusion The profile of individuals not vaccinated against COVID-19 as of March 2022 varied markedly by self-reported vaccination intentions, underscoring the importance of tailored demand-creation efforts. This paper highlights several factors which differ significantly across these groups. These findings could inform the design of future vaccination campaigns, potentially increasing their likelihood of success. This is an important policy objective given widespread vaccine hesitancy, and further work is required on this topic. Mandates remain an option to increase coverage but need to be carefully considered given extensive opposition.
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    Race and trust in post-apartheid South Africa
    (CSSR and SALDRU, 2015-05-28) Burns, Justine
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    Open Access
    Towards a grounded theory of why and how coopetition emerges among SMEs: revisiting intentionality and unintentionality
    (2024) Kauami, Ngunoue Cynthia; Samuelsson, Mikael
    Over the past three decades, there has been growing research interest in coopetition. Coopetition is an intricate network of interdependencies among firms, where intentional and unintentional cooperation and competition occur concurrently. This occurs towards the achievement of diverse yet mutually advantageous recurring economic and/or altruistic objectives, endorsing a paradoxical relationship. While research has advanced, little remains known about the fundamentals of the emergence of coopetition. This study uses strategy-as practice and processual lenses to consider why and how coopetition emerges, delving into the lived experiences of tourism business owners/managers to allow for a micro-foundational view of emergence. Using a qualitative constructivist grounded theory approach, data were collected among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and analysed over a period of one year at the tourism destinations of Swakopmund and Walvis Bay in Namibia. Theoretical saturation was attained at 89 episodes of emergence, since emergence was adopted as the level analysis. The study found three typologies of coopetition emergence: economic, altruistic, and habitual coopetition. Economic coopetition emergence, underlined by resource deficiency, alliance and diversification logics is confirmed in extant literature and has been considered as the dominant reason for competitors engaging collaboratively. This typology emerges both intentionally and unintentionally. Altruistic coopetition emergence, that is driven by solidarity and identity logics confirms and extends recent studies which maintain that there are non-economic reasons for coopetition emergence. This typology was found to emerge unintentionally. Economic and altruistic emergence have recurring patterns over time, which give rise to habitual coopetition emergence. This coopetition type is indicative of practices that become embedded and implicitly institutionalised as modus operandi with consistent reciprocal recurrence driven by economic and altruistic logics, albeit mutually exclusively. Emergence is a process that unfolds in four overarching phases: the selection, negotiation, delivery, and review phases, which are foundational expressions of how the three typologies manifest, confirming its episodic nature which can be deemed to go through “life cycles”. The study contributes to the coopetition literature in general, and specifically to the formation stage by strengthening the non-economic rationale of emergence through presenting care ethics, considered in psychology and social neurosciences. Furthermore, habitual emergence advances path dependence, trust and reciprocity literature and the significant role of time in coopetition intent. From a practical perspective, the study contributes to increased managerial insights into the best ways to structure coopetition, considering the different typologies and emergence processes for enhanced financial and non-financial benefits. In addition, it furthers the idea of sustained coopetitive relationships among firms in general, and among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) specifically.
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    Two sides of the same coin: Re-examining nepotism and discrimination in a segmented society
    (Review of Social Economy, 2015-05-28) Hofmeyr, Andre; Burns, Justine