Browsing by Subject "Race"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Accents, Race and Discrimination: Evidence from a Trust Game
    (2017-06-06) Yagman, Ece; Keswell, Malcolm
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    'Just Deserts': Race, Class and Distributive Justice in Post-Apartheid South Africa
    (Taylor & Francis, 2008) Seekings, Jeremy
    This article examines how racial differences affect perceptions of distributive justice in postapartheid South Africa. In 'divided' societies, citizens might be expected to discriminate on the basis of race or culture in assessing the justice of other citizens' claims. South Africa is a prime example of a 'divided' society in which, in the past, legislation and racial elite culture combined in pervasive discrimination. Given the continued importance of race in daily life in South Africa, we might expect that attitudes about distributive justice would continue to be racialised, with people considering members of the same 'racial group' as themselves as being more deserving than members of other groups. But evidence from both national datasets and a new data-set for Cape Town in particular suggests that race has complex and often counter-intuitive effects on perceptions of distributive justice. By some criteria, and some analytic techniques, people do not discriminate on the basis of race when assessing 'just deserts'; by other criteria, and other analytic techniques, 'just deserts' appear still to be somewhat 'coloured' in post-apartheid South Africa. Overall, however, the evidence suggests that the effects of race are either weak or work in counter-intuitive directions. Rich and white Capetonians are certainly more generous in their views on redistribution than is generally assumed.
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    Labour force withdrawal of the elderly in South Africa
    (CSSR and SALDRU, 2015-05-28) Lam, David; Leibbrandt, Murray; Ranchhod, Vimal
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    Marathon running: the physiological and pathological effects with particular reference to renal function and fluid shifts
    (1990) Irving, Robert Anthony; Tim, Noakes
    Marathon running can induce acute renal failure and hyponatraemia and may be associa~ed with the formation o f renal stones. The pathogenesis o f these conditions is uncertain and the physiological =esponse with regard to renal function and fluid shifts 2as not been clearly defined, particularly during the r ecovery days after mara thon running. In t his thesis, eight marathon races were studied and da i ly blood and 24 hour urine samples ~ere collected. The fo llowing were measured or calc~: ated: urine output, creatinine, osmolal, free water =nd renal beta2- microglobulin clearances as well as total protein, sodiu::i., potassium, urea and creatinine e xcretion rates. Changes in total serum contents of sodium, =h loride, albumin, total protein and uric acid, and in p l ~sma volume and mean cell volume, were calculated. Plasma c -reactive protein concentrations, aspartate transc.::i nase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase activities were also measured. VI Urine samples from runners who participated in a further 2 marathons were subjected to parti cle counting, while deposited crystals were examinec #ith a scanning electron mircroscope and X-ray powder diffraction. Eight runners who developed hyponatraemia after an 88km marathon were studied during recovery, for fluid and sodium balance and renal function. The principal finding was that contrary to traditional belief, renal function as measured by urine output, creatinine, osmolal and free-water clearance, urea and creatinine excretion and production is generally well maintained. Plasma volume was maintained during a 56km marathon due to intravascular protein and sodium influxes, while a decreased urine sodium excretion occurred for at least 24 hours after the race. Urine beta2-microglobulin excretion and plasma beta2- microglobulin concentration increased but renal tubular impairment was not generally found. During the post-race days there was an increase in creatinine clearance as well as a plasma volume expansion (of up to 12.5%) due to an intravascular influx of albumin (17g on Day 1) and an increased plasma content of sodium. Two of the total of 27 runners studied developed temporary renal tubular dysfunction; one was clearly related to an inadequate fluid intake. VII The crystalluria found in runners was identical to that of. recurrent stone formers. Crystalline particles were mainly calcium oxalate dihydrate with crystal aggregation and numerous crystals in the 15-40 um diameter range. Thus runners are at risk of stone formation. VIII Finally, it was shown that the hyponatraemia of exercise was caused by fluid overload (between 1.2 and 5.9L), with only moderate sodium loss. The subjects' plasma volumes were markedly decreased (up to 24%). During the recovery period both creatinine clearance and urine output were elevated.
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    Race and identity of Brazilians in South Africa: an ethnographic study on racialization, habitus, and intersectionality
    (2018) Campos, Anita; Morreira, Shannon; Macdonald, Helen
    Despite recurrent academic interest in the study of race in both South Africa and in Brazil, little work has been done in Anthropology about the two countries of the Global South in relation to each other. This thesis is situated in that gap and presents an ethnographic study about the racialised experiences of Brazilian migrants in South Africa, in order to explore the different processes of racialization that occur in South Africa and Brazil. The first part of the investigation focuses on the conflictual encounter between informants’ internalized racial habitus as learned in Brazil with the one they encounter in South Africa. The second part examines the impact that such racialization has on the racial identity of Brazilian individuals. Informants found themselves in situations of racial ambiguity in which they did not fit perfectly in any of the local racial categories, and were classified by South Africans in different (and sometimes multiple) racial categories from their previous one in Brazil. I use the theoretical lens of intersectionality to explore informants’ reflections on 'what they are’ as they socially adapted to South African racial categorisations and habitus.
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    Race and trust in post-apartheid South Africa
    (CSSR and SALDRU, 2015-05-28) Burns, Justine
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    Race, discrimination and diversity in South Africa
    (2007) Seekings, Jeremy
    The end of apartheid has brought a resurgence of research into racial identities, attitudes and behaviour in South Africa.? The legacy of systematic racial ordering and discrimination under apartheid is that South Africa remains deeply racialised, in cultural and social terms, as well as deeply unequal, in terms of the distribution of income and opportunities. ?South Africans continue to see themselves in the racial categories of the apartheid era, in part because these categories have become the basis for post-apartheid 'redress', in part because they retain cultural meaning in everyday life.? South Africans continue to inhabit social worlds that are largely defined by race, and many express negative views of other racial groups.? There has been little racial integration in residential areas, although schools provide an important opportunity for inter-racial interaction for middle-class children.? Experimental and survey research provide little evidence of racism, however.? Few people complain about racial discrimination, although many report everyday experiences that might be understood as discriminatory.? Racial discrimination per se seems to be of minor importance in shaping opportunities in post-apartheid South Africa.? Far more important are the disadvantages of class, exacerbated by neighbourhood effects: poor schooling, a lack of footholds in the labour market, a lack of financial capital.? The relationship between race and class is now very much weaker than in the past.? Overall, race remains very important in cultural and social terms, but no longer structures economic advantage and disadvantage.? Post-apartheid South Africa is thus the precise opposite of Brazil.
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    The Rise and Fall of the Weberian Analysis of Class in South Africa between 1949 and the early 1970s
    (Taylor & Francis, 2008) Seekings, Jeremy
    The hegemony of Marxist approaches to the study of stratification in South Africa has obscured the prominence of Weberian contributions between the late 1940s and the early 1970s. Some of these Weberian studies focused on the nascent black middle class, paying particular attention to the importance of status. Others, influenced by the literature on the American South, used the concept of caste as an extreme form of status in analysing the relationship between race and class in South Africa. Whilst flawed, these studies did directly address aspects of South Africans' everyday lives – and especially interactions – that the subsequent structural Marxists side-stepped and with which neo-Marxist social historians struggled.