Browsing by Subject "Integration"
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- ItemRestrictedHomeownership and neighbourly relations in poor Post-Apartheid urban neighbourhoods of Cape Town(Taylor & Francis (Routledge), 2012) Muyeba, Singumbe; Seekings, JeremyThe South African government has delivered many low-cost houses under freehold homeownership, in part on the assumption that neighbourhoods of homeowners will result in economically and socially viable communities. Drawing on qualitative data collected from four new poor neighbourhoods in post-apartheid Cape Town (South Africa), this article examines how homeowners forge neighbourly relations and construct ‘community’ on the basis of class status, social interactive and sentimental attributes of a sense of neighbourhood. The study found that inter-household familiarity, kin and friendship networks, residents’ perceived commonality and social control and sense of identification with place in new neighbourhoods are generally weak, but with variation between and within neighbourhoods. Acts of mutual assistance and some collective action are attributed to the agency of residents as a mechanism for coping with a common identity of deprivation. The authors conclude that the government’s ambitions to create socially viable neighbourhoods are limited by their homeowning residents’ concern with privacy in the context of wariness of intimacy, distrust, fear/ubiquity of crime and violence, fear of gossip and jealousy, and poor sense of identification with place.
- ItemRestrictedIntegrating freshwater and terrestrial priorities in conservation planning(2009) Amis, Mao A; Rouget, Mathieu; Lotter, Mervyn; Day, JennyThe integration of freshwater and terrestrial biodiversity priorities in systematic conservation planning is a major challenge to conservation planners. Maintaining upstream–downstream connectivity and the influence of catchments on freshwater ecological integrity are some of the issues that make it difficult to reconcile terrestrial and freshwater conservation planning. As a result most conservation assessments are often biased towards terrestrial systems without adequate incorporation of freshwater biodiversity in determining priority areas for conservation. In this paper, we propose a protocol for integrating the assessment of freshwater and terrestrial priorities in conservation planning, based on a case study from Mpumalanga Province in South Africa. The approach involves the separate assessment of freshwater priority areas, and using the outcome to influence the selection of terrestrial priority areas. This allowed both freshwater and terrestrial biodiversity to be incorporated in conservation planning without compromising their unique requirements. To test the effectiveness of this approach, we assessed percentage overlap between freshwater and terrestrial priority areas, target achievement, and the area required to achieve targets. We then compared the outcome from the proposed approach with the separate assessments of freshwater and terrestrial biodiversity priorities, and when both systems are given an equal weighting in a single assessment. The results showed that there was a noticeable improvement in the overlap of priority areas for freshwater and terrestrial biodiversity from 23% to 47%. Target achievement for freshwater biodiversity improved by 10% when terrestrial assessment was based on freshwater priority areas as opposed to terrestrial systems being assessed alone. There was negligible increase in area required, whether there was integration of freshwater and terrestrial biodiversity or no integration. We conclude that the most efficient way to achieve integration in conservation planning is to preferentially select areas where freshwater and terrestrial biodiversity priorities overlap.
- ItemOpen AccessIntegrating HIV care into nurse-led primary health care services in South Africa: a synthesis of three linked qualitative studies(BioMed Central Ltd, 2013) Uebel, Kerry; Guise, Andy; Georgeu, Daniella; Colvin, Christopher; Lewin, SimonBACKGROUND: The integration of HIV care into primary care services is one of the strategies proposed to increase access to treatment for people living with HIV/AIDS in high HIV burden countries. However, how best to do this is poorly understood. This study documents different factors influencing models of integration within clinics. METHODS: Using methods based on the meta-ethnographic approach, we synthesised the findings from three qualitative studies of the factors that influenced integration of HIV care into all consultations in primary care. The studies were conducted amongst staff and patients in South Africa during a randomised trial of nurse initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and integration of HIV care into primary care services - the Streamlining Tasks and Roles to Expand Treatment and Care for HIV (STRETCH) trial. Themes from each study were identified and translated into each other to develop categories and sub-categories and then to inform higher level interpretations of the synthesised data. RESULTS: Clinics varied as to how HIV care was integrated. Existing administration systems, workload and support staff shortages tended to hinder integration. Nurses' wanted to be involved in providing HIV care and yet also expressed preferences for developing expertise in certain areas and for establishing good nurse patient relationships by specialising in certain services. Patients, in turn, were concerned about the stigma of separate HIV services and yet preferred to be seen by nurses with expertise in HIV care. These factors had conflicting effects on efforts to integrate HIV care. CONCLUSION: Local clinic factors and nurse and patient preferences in relation to care delivery should be taken into account in programmes to integrate HIV care into primary care services. The integration of medical records, monitoring and reporting systems would support clinic based efforts to integrate HIV care into primary care services.
- ItemOpen AccessIntegrating the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV into primary healthcare services after AIDS denialism in South Africa: perspectives of experts and health care workers - a qualitative study(2020-06-26) Mutabazi, Jean Claude; Gray, Corie; Muhwava, Lorrein; Trottier, Helen; Ware, Lisa J; Norris, Shane; Murphy, Katherine; Levitt, Naomi; Zarowsky, ChristinaBackground Integrating Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) programmes into routine health services under complex socio-political and health system conditions is a priority and a challenge. The successful rollout of PMTCT in sub-Saharan Africa has decreased Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), reduced child mortality and improved maternal health. In South Africa, PMTCT is now integrated into existing primary health care (PHC) services and this experience could serve as a relevant example for integrating other programmes into comprehensive primary care. This study explored the perspectives of both experts or key informants and frontline health workers (FHCWs) in South Africa on PMTCT integration into PHC in the context of post-AIDS denialism using a Complex Adaptive Systems framework. Methods A total of 20 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted; 10 with experts including national and international health systems and HIV/PMTCT policy makers and researchers, and 10 FHCWs including clinic managers, nurses and midwives. All interviews were conducted in person, audio-recorded and transcribed. Three investigators collaborated in coding transcripts and used an iterative approach for thematic analysis. Results Experts and FHCWs agreed on the importance of integrated PMTCT services. Experts reported a slow and partial integration of PMTCT programmes into PHC following its initial rollout as a stand-alone programme in the aftermath of the AIDS denialism period. Experts and FHCWs diverged on the challenges associated with integration of PMTCT. Experts highlighted bureaucracy, HIV stigma and discrimination and a shortage of training for staff as major barriers to PMTCT integration. In comparison, FHCWs emphasized high workloads, staff turnover and infrastructural issues (e.g., lack of rooms, small spaces) as their main challenges to integration. Both experts and FHCWs suggested that working with community health workers, particularly in the post-partum period, helped to address cases of loss to follow-up of women and their babies and to improve linkages to polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) testing and immunisation. Conclusions Despite organised efforts in South Africa, experts and FHCWs reported multiple barriers for the full integration of PMTCT in PHC, especially postpartum. The results suggest opportunities to address operational challenges towards more integrated PMTCT and other health services in order to improve maternal and child health.
- ItemOpen Access[Re]connected and on track integrating the Nelson Mandela Bay commuter rail line with the Swartkops area through a re-imagined future(2025) Hill, Robert; Ewing, Kathryn; Crooijmans-Lemmer, Hedwig; Truter, Georgina JaniSouth Africa remains shaped largely by its apartheid past and its associated Modernist planning practices. This has left South African cities as fragmented, disconnected, and inequitable spaces, especially for those who still directly feel the effects of exclusionary planning practices.The commuter rail line in Nelson Mandela Bay, running between Gqeberha (formerly Port Elizabeth) and Kariega (formerly Uitenhage) is an example of a public transport system that has failed to adapt to changes in where and how people live and move. As such, it is characterised by low frequency, low usage, inaccessible and outdated stations, and antiquated infrastructure. The line is the least used of all the Metrorail systems in South Africa by a large margin, and as such there has been a reluctance to invest into improving the existing system. Many of the stations are far removed from where the majority of the people live, particularly in the township areas of Gqeberha - the most densely populated neighbourhoods in the metro.The line itself runs, for a large portion of its length, along the Swartkops Estuary and river, a partially protected conservation area. Various plans to improve the line have been proposed, but numerous factors have led to these not being implemented. A long-term plan has involved the so-called Motherwell Loop, which aims to connect the far-removed township of Motherwell into the existing rail system. This project looks at how the line can be reimagined: not just as an infrastructural project - but as an integrated system that adds to the urban life in the metro, and creates a spatially just urban environment. This is done specifically through re-imagining the railway line by rerouting the commuter line to include the township of Motherwell, and by re-imagining the rest of the line as a corridor that connects people to the Swartkops natural system, to allow for social justice in terms of access to the city and to the natural environment.The focus area in this re-imagining becomes the Swartkops area, and the corridor linking the Njoli Square node to the Swartkops Station, village, and estuary, running through a re-imagined urban campus housing the Nelson Mandela University Ocean Sciences Campus. Currently the Swartkops Station sits isolated from its main users - people from the Kwazakhele township - and sits in an area of intense environmental degradation. This corridor of activity becomes defined by the thresholds it crosses in, and how these thresholds or edges are defined: the township to natural edge, the commerical corridor to residential edge, and the estuary to activity edge.Through these interventions, the village of Swartkops becomes a focal node in the urban fabric of Nelson Mandela Bay, and is integrated with its adjacent neighbourhoods, though a mobility corridor that links all these elements together through the creation of a safe, walkable and meaningful space, in the pursuit of a more spatially just urban landscape
- ItemOpen AccessWorkbook 2011 - Large Class Teaching Project(University of Cape Town, 2011-02-15) Herbert, Shelly; Minter, Tessa; Lubbe, Ilse; Hyland, TarrynThis workbook is used across 3 courses in the Commerce Faculty - Financial Reporting 2, Information Systems in Business and Control of Financial Information Systems. It incorporates and integrates aspects of all 3 courses.
- ItemOpen AccessWorkbook 2012 - Large Class Teaching Project(University of Cape Town, 2012-02-15) Herbert, Shelly; Minter, Tessa; Lubbe, Ilse; Hyland, TarrynThis workbook is used across 3 courses in the Commerce Faculty - Financial Reporting 2, Information Systems in Business and Control of Financial Information Systems. It incorporates and integrates aspects of all 3 courses.
- ItemOpen AccessWorkbook 2013 - Large Class Teaching Project(University of Cape Town, 2013-02-15) Herbert, Shelly; Minter, Tessa; Lubbe, Ilse; Hyland, TarrynThis workbook is used across 3 courses in the Commerce Faculty - Financial Reporting 2, Information Systems in Business and Control of Financial Information Systems. It incorporates and integrates aspects of all 3 courses.