Browsing by Subject "Frontal Mini-Trephination"

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    External Ethmoidectomy & Frontal Sinusotomy/Trephine
    (2025-03-08) Fagan, Johan; Sutherland, Neil; Holbrook, Eric
    External approaches to the frontal, ethmoid and maxillary sinuses are seldom used nowadays other than in centers in the developing world where endoscopic sinus surgery expertise and instrumentation are not available; CT scans are also often not available in such centers to permit endoscopic sinus surgery to be properly planned and safely executed. This chapter focuses on the relevant surgical anatomy and techniques of external ethmoid and frontal sinus surgery, and incorporates principles borrowed from our current understanding of sinus anatomy, pathophysiology, and endoscopic sinus surgical techniques.