Browsing by Subject "FESS"

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    Basic Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS): A Step-By-Step Guide With Surgical Videos and Illustrations of Anatomical Landmarks in Cadaveric Dissection
    (2025-03-25) Brand, Yves; Prepageran, Narayanan
    We consider four important landmarks in basic FESS. These landmarks are important to gain entry to the maxillary sinus, anterior ethmoid, posterior ethmoid and the sphenoid sinus. Each landmark serves as a gate to a defined space within the paranasal sinuses. This chapter presents an overview to better understand this Gate System. To visualise the different structures of the nose, the nasal cavity is decongested. This can be done with cotton ribbon gauze soaked in Moffat’s solution (1ml adrenaline 1:1000, 2mls 10% cocaine, 4mls 8.4% so-dium bicarbonate, 13mls water/saline) for several minutes. Alternatively, adrenaline 1:1000-soaked cotton ribbon gauze can be used. It is important to pack the middle meatus under endoscopic vision (A).
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    Open Access
    Endoscopic Ethmoidectomy (FESS) Surgical Technique
    (2025-03-08) Monteiro, Pedro; Lubbe, Darlene
    Endoscopic ethmoidectomy refers to exenteration of the anterior +/- posterior ethmoid cells. The ethmoids are in close proximity to the orbit and its contents, the optic nerve, the sphenoid sinus, the paper-thin cribriform plate with meninges above, the ethmoidal arteries and the olfactory nerves. Like all endoscopic sinus surgery, the anatomy and surgical technique are best learned on a cadaver, followed by surgery under direct supervision of an experienced endoscopic sinus surgeon. Ethmoidectomy done by a surgeon unfamiliar with the detailed anatomy of the nose and paranasal sinuses, especially in the absence of a CT scan or when unable to properly interpret a CT scan, or by a surgeon untrained in endoscopic sinus surgery, is high-risk. This chapter presents the relevant anatomy, indications for surgery, preoperative work-up, surgical instrumentation, anaesthesia, surgical technique, postoperative care and pitfalls of endoscopic ethmoidectomy.