Browsing by Subject "Corruption"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Abalone conservation in the presence of drug use and corruption: Implications for its management in South Africa
    (International Journal of Sustainable Economy, 2015-05-28) Muchapondwa, Edwin; Brick, Kerri; Visser, Martine
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    Open Access
    Corruption, governance performance and political trust in Nigeria
    (2004) Alemika, Etannibi
    This paper analyses Nigerian citizen perception of (a) democracy and the economy; (b) the performance of their civilian government, and (c) extent of corruption in public institutions and by elected officials and public officers. It also examines the effects of corruption and governance performance on the approval of and trust in Nigeria’s political institutions. The analysis is based on the round 2 version of the Afrobarometer survey and employs descriptive analysis, factor analysis, scale item reliability analysis as well as OLS multiple regression analysis. Key findings show that one-half of the respondents preferred a market economy while a third preferred a government-run economic system. More than two thirds preferred democratic governance, while more than one-half agreed that the national constitution expresses the values and hopes of the Nigerian people. Generally, findings show that trust in public institutions is low and that political approval and trust are primarily influenced by how government performs in the arenas of socio-economic management and civil rights protection.
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    Open Access
    A multivariable analysis of the contribution of socioeconomic and environmental factors to blood culture Escherichia Coli resistant to fluoroquinolones in high- and middle-income countries
    (2022-02-19) Booth, Amy; Wester, Astrid L
    Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health concern. We wanted to determine if various environmental and socioeconomic variables as well as markers of antimicrobial use impacted on the level of AMR in countries of different income levels. Methods We performed cross-national univariate and multivariable analyses using the national proportion of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (QREC) in blood culture as the dependent variable. Access to safe water and sanitation, other socioeconomic variables, and human and animal antimicrobial consumption were analysed. Results In middle-income countries, unsafely managed sanitation, corruption and healthcare access and quality were significantly associated with the national proportion of blood culture QREC (%) in univariate analyses, whereas no variables remained significant in the multivariable models. For the multivariable high-income country model, corruption and healthcare access and quality were significantly associated with blood culture QREC (%) levels. For the model including all countries, human fluoroquinolone use, corruption level, livestock and crop production index were significantly associated with blood culture QREC (%) levels in the univariate analyses. Conclusion Corruption is a strong predictor of AMR, likely reflecting a multitude of socioeconomic factors. Sanitation quality contributed to increased blood culture QREC (%) levels in middle-income countries, although was not an independent factor, highlighting the need to also focus on infrastructure such as sanitation services in the context of AMR.
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    Pauvreté et corruption: un cercle vicieux
    (Regards Croisés sur l'Economie, 2015-05-28) Delavallade, Clara
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    Open Access
    The South African Police Service Amendment Bill : possible compliance with Glenister v President of the Republic of South Africa : submission made to the South African Parliament, April 2012
    (2012-04) De Vos, Pierre
    A policy paper analysing the Constitutional Court judgment of Glenister v President of the Republic of South Africa and Others and comparing it to the draft legislation published to give effect to the judgment. The paper argues that the draft Bill does not fully comply with the judgment and proposes ways in which the draft legislation could be amended to make it compliant.
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    Why corrupt governments may receive more foreign aid
    (Oxford Economic Papers, 2015-05-28) Delavallade, Clara