Browsing by Author "Stricklin, Ann"

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    Psychological gender : the relationship between sex-role and gender identity
    (1985) Joffe, Arlene Ora; Stricklin, Ann
    The study is based on psychoanalytic theory of the development of gender identity. The basic premise is that there are at least two levels of gender-related identity, viz. gender identity and sex-role. Thirty-three male and thirty-nine female university students participated in the study. They were asked to complete questionnaires designed to measure gender identity, sex-role and sexual orientation. Gender identity was measured by means of fantasy patterns which emerge in story-telling. The Bern Sex-Role Inventory was used to measure sex-role. Subjects' sexual orientations were described with the aid of the Kinsey Seven-Point Rating Scale. Results indicate a number of unanticipated complexities which need further investigation. The type of picture used in the measurement of gender identity seems to determine whether or not a subject's true gender identity will emerge or whether it will be distorted. There is a relationship between sex-role and gender identity, but it is indirect. The gender identities of persons whose sex-roles are feminine, masculine or undifferentiated tend to conform to biological sex. Persons whose sex-roles are androgynous, however, tend towards feminine gender identity whatever their biological sex. Further research is recommended to confirm or refute these results.
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    Some characteristics of a group of coloured runaway boys aged 8 - 16 years and factors that these boys and their mother perceived as contributing to their runaway behavior
    (1985) Jayes, Claire Sharman; Stricklin, Ann
    This study was of a group of street children who had run away from home. The writer sought to discover factors that led to their running away. Interviews were conducted with both the boys and their mothers (or mother substitutes). Interview schedules with both open-ended and closed questions were used to obtain certain demographic characteristics of the families, the runaway episodes and the causes for the runaway behaviour as perceived by the runaways and their mothers. The study revealed that multiple interrelated factors within the families, the boys and society seemed to contribute either directly or indirectly to their runaway behaviour. Homes were marked by conflict, instability, alcohol and physical abuse, deprivation and neglect. The runaways in turn responded to their stressful home life by running away. The runaways in contrast to their mothers, predominantly perceived factors within the home as causing them to leave home, whereas the mothers tended to externalize these causes to peer group influences.