An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape

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dc.contributor.advisorCoetzee, Daviden_ZA
dc.contributor.authorReed, Robert Anthonyen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2016-02-08T07:20:11Z
dc.date.available2016-02-08T07:20:11Z
dc.date.issued2015en_ZA
dc.descriptionIncludes bibliographical referencesen_ZA
dc.description.abstractObjective: To establish whether there is an association between HIV exposure and infectious disease mortality in children admitted to hospital in the Western Cape. Also to identify additional risk factors associated with mortality and the prevalence of HIV exposure. Methods: A case-control design was used to compare the HIV exposure status of 93 cases admitted with an infectious disease who died with 93 controls admitted with an infectious disease who did not die. Clinical and demographic data were collected via record review at three hospitals in the Western Cape . Factors associated with mortality were identified through regression analysis. Findings: 38.71% (36/93) of cases were HIV exposed versus 22.58% (21/93) of controls (p=0.017). 32.36% (30/93) of cases were HIV exposed uninfected (HEU) versus 18.28% (17/93) of controls (p=0.06). Being HEU was a risk factor for mortality after adjusting for age, sex, feeding practice, and main infection. The odds of death in HEU children was 2.29 times greater than in HUU (aOR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.06-5.0). Age, sex, and feeding practice confounded the association between HIV exposure-infection and mortality. LRTI, septicaemia, and meningitis were all significantly associated with mortality at the 5% level. Children admitted with septicaemia demonstrated a 13.44 times increased odds of death (aOR: 13.44, 95% CI: 3.35-53.99). Conclusion: Children born to HIV positive mothers should be considered a vulnerable group even if vertical transmission has been prevented. Determination of exposure status could be a valuable tool for identifying children at increased risk of death. Septicaemia and meningitis also present a challenge in critical care in our sample.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationReed, R. A. (2015). <i>An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationReed, Robert Anthony. <i>"An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationReed, R. 2015. An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Reed, Robert Anthony AB - Objective: To establish whether there is an association between HIV exposure and infectious disease mortality in children admitted to hospital in the Western Cape. Also to identify additional risk factors associated with mortality and the prevalence of HIV exposure. Methods: A case-control design was used to compare the HIV exposure status of 93 cases admitted with an infectious disease who died with 93 controls admitted with an infectious disease who did not die. Clinical and demographic data were collected via record review at three hospitals in the Western Cape . Factors associated with mortality were identified through regression analysis. Findings: 38.71% (36/93) of cases were HIV exposed versus 22.58% (21/93) of controls (p=0.017). 32.36% (30/93) of cases were HIV exposed uninfected (HEU) versus 18.28% (17/93) of controls (p=0.06). Being HEU was a risk factor for mortality after adjusting for age, sex, feeding practice, and main infection. The odds of death in HEU children was 2.29 times greater than in HUU (aOR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.06-5.0). Age, sex, and feeding practice confounded the association between HIV exposure-infection and mortality. LRTI, septicaemia, and meningitis were all significantly associated with mortality at the 5% level. Children admitted with septicaemia demonstrated a 13.44 times increased odds of death (aOR: 13.44, 95% CI: 3.35-53.99). Conclusion: Children born to HIV positive mothers should be considered a vulnerable group even if vertical transmission has been prevented. Determination of exposure status could be a valuable tool for identifying children at increased risk of death. Septicaemia and meningitis also present a challenge in critical care in our sample. DA - 2015 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2015 T1 - An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape TI - An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationReed RA. An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, 2015 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Public Health and Family Medicineen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherPublic Healthen_ZA
dc.subject.otherHIV Infectionsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherChildrenen_ZA
dc.titleAn investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Capeen_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMPHen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
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