Divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in Madagascar

 

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dc.contributor.author De Bruyn, Alexandre
dc.contributor.author Harimalala, Mireille
dc.contributor.author Zinga, Innocent
dc.contributor.author Mabvakure, Batsirai M
dc.contributor.author Hoareau, Murielle
dc.contributor.author Ravigné, Virginie
dc.contributor.author Walters, Matthew
dc.contributor.author Reynaud, Bernard
dc.contributor.author Varsani, Arvind
dc.contributor.author Harkins, Gordon W
dc.contributor.author Martin, Darren P
dc.contributor.author Lett, Jean-Michel
dc.contributor.author Lefeuvre, Pierre
dc.date.accessioned 2021-10-08T06:20:20Z
dc.date.available 2021-10-08T06:20:20Z
dc.date.issued 2016
dc.identifier.citation De Bruyn, A., Harimalala, M., Zinga, I., Mabvakure, B.M., Hoareau, M., Ravigné, V., Walters, M. & Reynaud, B. et al. 2016. Divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in Madagascar. <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology.</i> 16(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34255 en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn 1471-2148
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34255
dc.description.abstract Abstract Background Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Madagascar is caused by a complex of at least six African cassava mosaic geminivirus (CMG) species. This provides a rare opportunity for a comparative study of the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of distinct pathogenic crop-infecting viral species that coexist within the same environment. The genetic and spatial structure of CMG populations in Madagascar was studied and Bayesian phylogeographic modelling was applied to infer the origins of Madagascan CMG populations within the epidemiological context of related populations situated on mainland Africa and other south western Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands. Results The isolation and analysis of 279 DNA-A and 117 DNA-B sequences revealed the presence in Madagascar of four prevalent CMG species (South African cassava mosaic virus, SACMV; African cassava mosaic virus, ACMV; East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus, EACMKV; and East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus, EACMCV), and of numerous CMG recombinants that have, to date, only ever been detected on this island. SACMV and ACMV, the two most prevalent viruses, displayed low degrees of genetic diversity and have most likely been introduced to the island only once. By contrast, EACMV-like CMG populations (consisting of East African cassava mosaic virus, EAMCKV, EACMCV and complex recombinants of these) were more diverse, more spatially structured, and displayed evidence of at least three independent introductions from mainland Africa. Although there were no statistically supported virus movement events between Madagascar and the other SWIO islands, at least one mainland African ACMV variant likely originated in Madagascar. Conclusions Our study highlights both the complexity of CMD in Madagascar, and the distinct evolutionary and spatial dynamics of the different viral species that collectively are associated with this disease. Given that more distinct CMG species and recombinants have been found in Madagascar than any other similarly sized region of the world, the risks of recombinant CMG variants emerging on this island are likely to be higher than elsewhere. Evidence of an epidemiological link between Madagascan and mainland African CMGs suggests that the consequences of such emergence events could reach far beyond the shores of this island.
dc.language.iso eng
dc.source BMC Evolutionary Biology
dc.source.uri https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0749-2
dc.subject.other Begomoviruses
dc.subject.other Cassava
dc.subject.other Epidemiology
dc.subject.other Madagascar
dc.subject.other Phylogeography
dc.subject.other Recombination
dc.subject.other Bayes Theorem
dc.subject.other Begomovirus
dc.subject.other Biological Evolution
dc.subject.other DNA, Viral
dc.subject.other Genetic Variation
dc.subject.other Madagascar
dc.subject.other Manihot
dc.subject.other Phylogeography
dc.subject.other Plant Diseases
dc.subject.other Recombination, Genetic
dc.subject.other DNA, Viral
dc.title Divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in Madagascar
dc.type Journal Article
uct.type.publication Research
uct.type.resource Journal Article
dc.publisher.faculty Faculty of Health Sciences
dc.publisher.department Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine
dc.source.journalvolume 16
dc.source.journalissue 1
dc.source.pagination 174 - 177
dc.identifier.apacitation De Bruyn, A., Harimalala, M., Zinga, I., Mabvakure, B. M., Hoareau, M., Ravigné, V., ... Lefeuvre, P. (2016). Divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in Madagascar. <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>, 16(1), 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34255 en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitation De Bruyn, Alexandre, Mireille Harimalala, Innocent Zinga, Batsirai M Mabvakure, Murielle Hoareau, Virginie Ravigné, Matthew Walters, et al "Divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in Madagascar." <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i> 16, 1. (2016): 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34255 en_ZA
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation De Bruyn A, Harimalala M, Zinga I, Mabvakure BM, Hoareau M, Ravigné V, et al. Divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in Madagascar. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2016;16(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34255. en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - De Bruyn, Alexandre AU - Harimalala, Mireille AU - Zinga, Innocent AU - Mabvakure, Batsirai M AU - Hoareau, Murielle AU - Ravigné, Virginie AU - Walters, Matthew AU - Reynaud, Bernard AU - Varsani, Arvind AU - Harkins, Gordon W AU - Martin, Darren P AU - Lett, Jean-Michel AU - Lefeuvre, Pierre AB - Abstract Background Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Madagascar is caused by a complex of at least six African cassava mosaic geminivirus (CMG) species. This provides a rare opportunity for a comparative study of the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of distinct pathogenic crop-infecting viral species that coexist within the same environment. The genetic and spatial structure of CMG populations in Madagascar was studied and Bayesian phylogeographic modelling was applied to infer the origins of Madagascan CMG populations within the epidemiological context of related populations situated on mainland Africa and other south western Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands. Results The isolation and analysis of 279 DNA-A and 117 DNA-B sequences revealed the presence in Madagascar of four prevalent CMG species (South African cassava mosaic virus, SACMV; African cassava mosaic virus, ACMV; East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus, EACMKV; and East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus, EACMCV), and of numerous CMG recombinants that have, to date, only ever been detected on this island. SACMV and ACMV, the two most prevalent viruses, displayed low degrees of genetic diversity and have most likely been introduced to the island only once. By contrast, EACMV-like CMG populations (consisting of East African cassava mosaic virus, EAMCKV, EACMCV and complex recombinants of these) were more diverse, more spatially structured, and displayed evidence of at least three independent introductions from mainland Africa. Although there were no statistically supported virus movement events between Madagascar and the other SWIO islands, at least one mainland African ACMV variant likely originated in Madagascar. Conclusions Our study highlights both the complexity of CMD in Madagascar, and the distinct evolutionary and spatial dynamics of the different viral species that collectively are associated with this disease. Given that more distinct CMG species and recombinants have been found in Madagascar than any other similarly sized region of the world, the risks of recombinant CMG variants emerging on this island are likely to be higher than elsewhere. Evidence of an epidemiological link between Madagascan and mainland African CMGs suggests that the consequences of such emergence events could reach far beyond the shores of this island. DA - 2016 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - BMC Evolutionary Biology LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2016 SM - 1471-2148 T1 - Divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in Madagascar TI - Divergent evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of cassava mosaic geminiviruses in Madagascar UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34255 ER - en_ZA


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