Author:le Roux, DavidDate: 2022Background Child pneumonia is a substantial cause of childhood mortality and morbidity; it is the largest single cause of under-5 mortality outside the neonatal period. Incidence of child pneumonia, and pneumonia mortality, have decreased ...Read more
Author:Mahtab, SanaDate:2022of children perinatally infected with HIV, with an increasing number surviving into adolescence, accompanied by the development of chronic comorbidities. However, there is limited knowledge on the spectrum of comorbidities, determinants, and ...Read more
Author:Fatti, Geoffrey LiberoDate:2005Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality amongst HIV-infected children in Africa. Definitive diagnostic resources for PCP in Africa are limited due to their expense and technical difficulty, however ...Read more
Author:Zar, Heather; McIvor, Bruce; Furlan, Gisella; Jedeikin, Leon; Pitcher, RichardDate:2006A routine 20-week antenatal ultrasound scan showed a congenital lesion of the left fetal lung, measuring approximately 25 mm x 25 mm x 30 mm. The mass showed no sonographic change through the remainder of an uneventful pregnancy. The baby was ...Read more
Author:Mahlati, UnatiDate:2007The prevalence of current wheeze and asthma in school children in Cape Town has been reported to be increasing. The multi centre International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase 3 (ISAAC 3) offered an opportunity to investigate ...Read more
Author:Gray, Diane MargaretDate:2016Childhood respiratory disease remains a major contributor of morbidity and mortality globally and both paediatric and adult chronic respiratory illness is increasing in prevalence worldwide. This burden of respiratory disease is heaviest in ...Read more
Author:Ayuk, Adaeze ChikaodinakaDate:2018BACKGROUND: Asthma prevalence in African children is high and increasing, with more severe disease than that in high income countries. Specific factors driving the rising prevalence or disease severity are poorly understood. The aim of this ...Read more
Author:Muloiwa, RudzaniDate: 2021The availability of an effective vaccine against Bordetella pertussis substantially reduced the morbidity and mortality from pertussis, however, in the last decade there appears to have been a substantial increase in pertussis cases as reported ...Read more
Author:Held, MichaelDate:2016The aim of this thesis was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert for musculoskeletal TB and for rifampicin resistance against a gold standard of culture or histology. Site of disease, HIV status, and age of patients, and accuracy ...Read more
Author:Held, MichaelDate:2019Background Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) is a rapid, automated, onsite nucleic acid amplification test for tuberculosis (TB). It is effective for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB but there is limited evidence for its usefulness in extrapulmonary TB, ...Read more
Author:Stadler, Jacob A MDate:2019Pneumonia remains a global health priority in children. It is the leading cause of death in children outside the neonatal period, over 90% of which occur in low-resource settings, and a major cause of morbidity, accounting for over 100 million ...Read more
Author:Cotton, Mark; Wasserman, Elizabeth; Smit, Juanita; Whitelaw, Andrew; Zar, HeatherDate:2008BACKGROUND:There is little information on nasopharyngeal (NP) flora or bacteremia in HIV-infected children. Our aim was to describe the organisms and antimicrobial resistance patterns in children enrolled in a prospective study comparing daily ...Read morecb
Author:Smuts, Heidi; Workman, Lesley; Zar, HeatherDate:2011BACKGROUND:Infections caused by human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are important triggers of wheezing in young children. Wheezy illness has increasingly been recognised as an important cause of morbidity in African children, but there is little ...Read morecb
Author:Le Roux, David MartinDate:2010From November 2002 to December 2006, a placebo-controlled, randomized trial investigated the incidence of tuberculosis and the overall mortality in a cohort of HIV-infected children in Cape Town, South Africa. They were randomized to receive ...Read more
Author:Gray, Diane MargaretDate:2012Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are dual epidemics and a public health crisis in Southern Africa. An estimated 2.5 million children are living with HIV, of which 2.3 million live in Sub-Saharan Africa, with an estimated 230 000 child deaths from ...Read more
Author:Copelyn, JulieDate: 2021Background: The paucibacillary nature of paediatric pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) makes microbiological diagnosis difficult and limits the usefulness of microbiology for assessing treatment efficacy. Clinical response to treatment has thus ...Read more
Author:Smith, EmileeDate:2015Background: Accurate and appropriate spirometry reference values allow for early detection of respiratory illness and perform an important role in monitoring lung health. There is, in general, a scarcity of data from Africa, and the Global ...Read more