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Browsing by Author "Little, Francesca"

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A GLMM analysis of data from the Sinovuyo Caring Families Program (SCFP)

Author: Nhapi, Raymond T Date: 2018 We present an analysis of the data from a longitudinal randomized control trial that assesses the impact of an intervention program aimed at improving the quality of childcare within families. The SCFP was a group-based program implemented ... Read more
Approaches for Handling Time-Varying Covariates in Survival Models

Author: Nwoko, Onyekachi Esther Date: 2019 Survival models are used in analysing time-to-event data. This type of data is very common in medical research. The Cox proportional hazard model is commonly used in analysing time-to-event data. However, this model is based on the proportional ... Read more
The association of depression, impulsivity and suicidal ideation with organophosphate pesticide exposure amongst South African farm workers

Author: Kootbodien, Tahira Date: 2011 The objectives were to evaluate the validity and reliability of four neurobehavioral instruments used in the study and to test three models hypothesised as possible causal pathways between OP exposure and depression, impulsive behaviour and ... Read more
Bioaerosol sampling of patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis: a study protocol

Author: Patterson, Benjamin ; Koch, Anastasia ; Gessner, Sophia ; Dinkele, Ryan ; Gqada, Melitta ; Bryden, Wayne ; Cobelens, Frank ; Little, Francesca ; Warner, Digby F ; Wood, Robin Date: 08 Aug 2020 Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted in bioaerosols containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Despite being central to ongoing TB transmission, no routine diagnostic assay exists to measure Mtb in bioaerosols. Furthermore, ... Read more
CD8+ T-cell interleukin-7 receptor alpha expression as a potential indicator of disease status in HIV-infected children

Author: Sharma, Tanvi S ; Hughes, Jane ; Murillo, Amarylis ; Riley, Joanne ; Soares, Andreia ; Little, Francesca ; Mitchell, Charles D ; Hanekom, Willem A Date: 2008 BACKGROUND: Initiation and modification of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children depend on viral load and CD4+ T-cell count. However, these surrogates have limitations, and complementary immunological markers to assess therapeutic ... Read more c b
Comparison of growth curve models for assessing height in a South African birth cohort

Author: Niehaus, Jacqui Date: 2018 Childhood malnutrition is a major concern in low- to middle- income populations. This dissertation uses longitudinal data on height measurements of babies between 0 and 4 years of age to construct growth curves, which serve as a tool for ... Read more
Correction to: Bioaerosol sampling of patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis: a study protocol

Author: Patterson, Benjamin ; Koch, Anastasia ; Gessner, Sophia ; Dinkele, Ryan ; Gqada, Melitta ; Bryden, Wayne ; Cobelens, Frank ; Little, Francesca ; Warner, Digby F ; Wood, Robin Date: 24 Aug 2020 An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article Read more
Delays in starting antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis accessing non-integrated clinical services in a South African township

Author: Lawn, Stephen ; Campbell, Lucy ; Kaplan, Richard ; Little, Francesca ; Morrow, Carl ; Wood, Robin ; IeDEA-Southern Africa Date: 2011 BACKGROUND: Delays in the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) are associated with increased mortality risk. We examined the timing of ART among patients receiving care provided by ... Read more c b
Detection and down-weighting of outliers in non-normal data: theory and application

Author: Chatora,Tinashe Daniel Date: 15 Aug 2014 Read more
Determinants and consequences of the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in a cohort of tuberculosis patients

Author: McIlleron, Helen Date: 2004 A prospectlve pharmacokinetic study was conducted amongst a cohort of 142 patients with tuberculosis (TB) susceptible to rifampicin and isoniazid at Brewelsleloof Hospital, Worcester, in the Western Cape. Read more
Does helminth treatment reduce the risk of active tuberculosis in a cohort of children from high tuberculosis risk population who have been vaccinated with BCG at birth?

Author: Workman, Lesley Date: 2009 [Background] Research in adults and older children has shown an association between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and helminth infection, with those infected with helminths at greater risk of tuberculosis. This association is believed to be on ... Read more
Early and late direct costs in a Southern African antiretroviral treatment programme: a retrospective cohort analysis

Author: Leisegang, Rory ; Cleary, Susan ; Hislop, Michael ; Davidse, Alistair ; Regensberg, Leon ; Little, Francesca ; Maartens, Gary Date: 2009 Gary Maartens and colleagues describe the direct heath care costs and identify the drivers of cost over time in an HIV managed care program in Southern Africa. Read more c b
Effect of artemether-lumefantrine policy and improved vector control on malaria burden in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author: Barnes, Karen I ; Durrheim, David N ; Little, Francesca ; Jackson, Amanda ; Mehta, Ushma ; Allen, Elizabeth ; Dlamini, Sicelo S ; Tsoka, Joyce ; Bredenkamp, Barry ; Mthembu, D Jotham Date: 2005 In KwaZulu-Natal strengthening of vector control and a change in antimalarial treatment policy to use of artemether-lumefantrine has been associated with a decrease in malaria cases, admissions, and deaths. Read more c b
Effect of artemether-lumefantrine policy and improved vector control on malaria burden in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author: Barnes, Karen I ; Durrheim, David N ; Little, Francesca ; Jackson, Amanda ; Mehta, Ushma ; Allen, Elizabeth ; Dlamini, Sicelo S ; Tsoka, Joyce ; Bredekamp, Barry ; Mthembu, D Jotham ; White, Nicholas J ; Sharp, Brian L Date: 2005 Between 1995 and 2000, KwaZulu–Natal province, South Africa, experienced a marked increase in Plasmodium falciparum malaria, fuelled by pyrethroid and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance. In response, vector control was strengthened and ... Read more
Efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine with and without artesunate for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Mozambique : a randomised controlled trial

Author: Allen, Elizabeth Date: 2008 [Background and rationale] Malaria accounts for a large public health burden in Mozambique and a treatment policy with effective anti-malarials is a key component of their malaria control programme. Artemisinin-based combination therapies ... Read more
Efficacy of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine with or without artesunate for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in southern Mozambique: a randomized controlled trial

Author: Allen, Elizabeth N ; Little, Francesca ; Camba, Tunisio ; Cassam, Yasmin ; Raman, Jaishree ; Boulle, Andrew ; Barnes, Karen I Date: 2009 BACKGROUND: An artemisinin-based combination therapy, artesunate (AS) plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), was compared to SP monotherapy to provide evidence of further treatment options in southern Mozambique. METHODS: Between 2003 and 2005, ... Read more c b
An evaluation of the quality of antenatal care and patient satisfaction in two provinces of South Africa

Author: Besada, Donnela Date: 2011 The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of service delivery for HIV-infected women at antenatal clinics in the Western Cape and Free State provinces, South Africa and to highlight areas for improvement. It was part of a larger ... Read more
Exploring the seasonality of reported treated malaria cases in Mpumalanga, South Africa

Author: Silal, Sheetal Prakash ; Barnes, Karen I ; Kok, Gerdalize ; Mabuza, Aaron ; Little, Francesca Date: 2013 South Africa, having met the World Health Organisation's pre-elimination criteria, has set a goal to achieve malaria elimination by 2018. Mpumalanga, one of three provinces where malaria transmission still occurs, has a malaria season subject ... Read more c b
Hitting a Moving Target: A Model for Malaria Elimination in the Presence of Population Movement

Author: Silal, Sheetal Prakash ; Little, Francesca ; Barnes, Karen Irma ; White, Lisa Jane Date: 2015 South Africa is committed to eliminating malaria with a goal of zero local transmission by 2018. Malaria elimination strategies may be unsuccessful if they focus only on vector biology, and ignore the mobility patterns of humans, particularly ... Read more c b
Impact of immune activation and inflammation on the susceptibility to HIV infection and disease progression in HIV serodiscordant and seroconcordant couples

Author: Jaumdally, Shameem Zaer Date: 2014 The biological correlates of protection against HIV infection remain poorly characterized, hindering the development of an effective prevention strategy. Studies of individuals who resist HIV infection or progress more slowly after being ... Read more

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