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Browsing by Author "Joska, John"

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A cross-sectional study of the association between cognitive impairment and haemoglobin levels in HIV-infected South Africans established on antiretroviral therapy

Author: Vermaak, John-Randel Date: 2019 Background Sub-Saharan Africa, the epicenter of the global population of people living with HIV (PLHIV), is estimated to have more than 25 million PLHIV. In the era before the widespread availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART), anaemia ... Read more
An assessment of external HIV-related stigma in South Africa: implications for interventions

Author: Mehlomakulu, Vuyelwa Date: 2021 Background Globally, external HIV-related stigma is a major threat to all HIV prevention, care and treatment interventions including the recently launched Universal Test and Treat (UTT) strategy in South Africa and the 90-90-90 targets set ... Read more
An Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Tool when Administered in a Memory Clinic At Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa

Author: Thungana, Yanga Date: 2022 Worldwide, the population is aging, and the prevalence of neurocognitive disorders is expected to rise exponentially. Therefore, early detection of dementia is favorable for the patient and may even be of greater significance if disease-modifying ... Read more
An investigation of a neuro-inflammatory profile of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

Author: Williams, Monray Edward Date: 2021 Background HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is the consequence of the effects of HIV-1 within the central nervous system (CNS). HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment differs in severity with milder forms presenting in 50% of ... Read more
The association between aids related stigma and major depressive disorder among HIV-positive individuals in Uganda

Author: Akena, Dickens ; Musisi, Seggane ; Joska, John ; Stein, Dan J Date: 2012 BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is common and may be associated with a number of factors, including AIDS-related stigma, decreased CD4 levels, increased opportunistic infections and sociodemographic ... Read more c b
Blood and Lumbar Fluid Biomarker Changes in Patients with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairment Treated with Lithium: Analysis from a Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial

Author: Thela, Lindokuhle Date: 2022 HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Thus, ART does not completely halt or reverse the pathological processes behind HAND. Adjuvant mitigating treatments are therefore prudent. ... Read more
Characteristics and predictors of treatment effectiveness of children seen at the Therapeutic Learning Centre, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital during the period 1992-2008

Author: Dhansay, Yumna Date: 2012 Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references. Read more
Clade C HIV-1 isolates circulating in Southern Africa exhibit a greater frequency of dicysteine motif-containing Tat variants than those in Southeast Asia and cause increased neurovirulence

Author: Rao, Vasudev ; Neogi, Ujjwal ; Talboom, Joshua ; Padilla, Ligia ; Rahman, Mustafizur ; Fritz-French, Cari ; Gonzalez-Ramirez, Sandra ; Verma, Anjali ; Wood, Charles ; Ruprecht, Ruth ; Ranga, Udaykumar ; Azim, Tasnim ; Joska, John ; Eugenin, Eliseo ; Shet, Anita ; B Date: 2013 BACKGROUND: HIV-1 Clade C (Subtype C; HIV-1C) is responsible for greater than 50% of infections worldwide. Unlike clade B HIV-1 (Subtype B; HIV-1B), which is known to cause HIV associated dementia (HAD) in approximately 15% to 30% of the ... Read more c b
Comparing dedicated and designated models of integrating mental health into chronic disease care: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial

Author: Myers, Bronwyn ; Lund, Crick ; Lombard, Carl ; Joska, John ; Levitt, Naomi ; Butler, Christopher ; Cleary, Susan ; Naledi, Tracey ; Milligan, Peter ; Stein, Dan J ; Sorsdahl, Katherine Date: 16 Mar 2018 Background In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), it is uncertain whether a “dedicated” approach to integrating mental health care (wherein a community health worker (CHW) has the sole responsibility of delivering mental ... Read more c b
Comparing the accuracy of brief versus long depression screening instruments which have been validated in low and middle income countries: a systematic review

Author: Akena, Dickens ; Joska, John ; Obuku, Ekwaro ; Amos, Taryn ; Musisi, Seggane ; Stein, Dan Date: 2012 BACKGROUND: Given the high prevalence of depression in primary health care (PHC), the use of screening instruments has been recommended. Both brief and long depression screening instruments have been validated in low and middle income countries ... Read more c b
Correlates of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among children in a clinical psychiatric center in Northern Nigeria

Author: Sale, Shehu Date: 2011 This study primarily aims at determining the correlates of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among children and adolescents in Northern Nigeria. The secondary aims of the study include a comparison of the identified correlates ... Read more
Neuropsychiatric profile of a cohort of perinatally infected HIV positive children after one year of antiretroviral medication

Author: Nassen, René Date: 2012 The Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) era in the mid-nineties signalled a dramatic change in the long-term outcome of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Many children have shown significant neurologic benefit, and in particular, ... Read more
Neuropsychological outcomes in adults commencing highly active anti-retroviral treatment in South Africa: a prospective study

Author: Joska, John ; Westgarth-Taylor, Jennifer ; Hoare, Jacqueline ; Thomas, Kevin ; Paul, Robert ; Myer, Landon ; Stein, Dan Date: 2012 BACKGROUND:Infection with HIV may result in significant neuropsychological impairment, especially in late stage disease. To date, there have been no cohort studies of the impact of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) in South ... Read more c b
Normative scores for a brief neuropsychological battery for the detection of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) among South Africans

Author: Singh, Dinesh ; Joska, John ; Goodkin, Karl ; Lopez, Enrique ; Myer, Landon ; Paul, Robert ; John, Sally ; Sunpath, Henry Date: 2010 BACKGROUND:There is an urgent need to more accurately diagnose HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) in Africa. Rapid screening tests for HIV-associated dementia are of limited utility due to variable sensitivity and specificity. The ... Read more c b
Simulating therapeutic drug monitoring results for dose individualisation to maintain investigator blinding in a randomised controlled trial

Author: Lesosky, Maia ; Joska, John ; Decloedt, Eric Date: 07 Jun 2017 Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is essential practice when dosing drugs with a narrow therapeutic index in order to achieve a plasma drug concentration within a narrow target range above the efficacy concentration but below the ... Read more
Task sharing of a psychological intervention for maternal depression in Khayelitsha, South Africa: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author: Lund, Crick ; Schneider, Marguerite ; Davies, Thandi ; Nyatsanza, Memory ; Honikman, Simone ; Bhana, Arvin ; Bass, Judith ; Bolton, Paul ; Dewey, Michael ; Joska, John ; Kagee, Ashraf ; Myer, Landon ; Petersen, Inge ; Prince, Martin ; Stein, Dan J ; Thornicroft, Graham ; Tomlinson, Mark ; Alem, Atalay ; Susser, Ezra Date: 21 Nov 2014 Background: Maternal depression carries a major public health burden for mothers and their infants, yet there is a substantial treatment gap for this condition in low-resourced regions such as sub-Saharan Africa. To address this treatment ... Read more c b
The role of the astrocytic marker S100B in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

Author: Groenewald, Engelina Date: 2019 There are as yet no ideal biomarkers of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. As astrocytosis is a feature of HIV encephalitis, the marker S100β may hold promise as a biomarker of HAND. We explored associations between S100β and neurocognition ... Read more
Treatment of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders

Author: Decloedt, Eric Hermann Date: 2018 Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) invades the central nervous system (CNS) as early as 8 days after HIV infection, causing a wide spectrum of neuropathological changes including HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). ... Read more
Validation of the CAT rapid: a smartphone screening tool for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in South Africa

Author: Witten, Jade Abigail Date: 2015 Existing screening tools are not suitable for the detection of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in South Africa. Study 1 of the current thesis aimed to establish construct validity of a new screening tool, the Cognitive Assessment ... Read more

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Browsing by Author "Joska, John"

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