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Browsing by Author "Lesosky, Maia"

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Blood cultures taken from patients attending emergency departments in South Africa are an important antibiotic stewardship tool, which directly influences patient management

Author: Boyles, Tom H ; Davis, Kelly ; Crede, Thomas ; Malan, Jacques ; Mendelson, Marc ; Lesosky, Maia Date: 06 Oct 2015 Abstract Background Febrile illness with suspected blood stream infection (BSI) is a common reason for admission to hospital in Africa and blood cultures are therefore an important investigation. ... Read more
Family planning behaviours among South African HIV-infected and HIV-negative women during the post partum period

Author: Oosthuizen, Jenna Date: 2018 There has been growing research on the impact of HIV on family planning and fertility behaviours with studies showing conflicting results. However, these relationships have been understudied in sub-Saharan Africa, especially during the ... Read more
HIV-related knowledge and antiretroviral therapy outcomes (ART) in HIV infected women initiating ART during pregnancy

Author: Brown, Karryn Date: 2018 The characteristics of South Africa’s HIV epidemic mean that approximately 28% of women presenting for antenatal care, are HIV-infected. Maternal HIV-infection can lead to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV during pregnancy, labour, ... Read more
Host adapted intramammary infections in pregnant heifers which were co-housed and reared on fresh milk as calves

Author: Petzer, Inge-Marie ; Karzis, Joanne ; Lesosky, Maia ; Watermeyer, Johanna ; Badenhorst, Renette Date: 2013 BACKGROUND:Heifers can calve down with intramammary infections (IMI) and udder damage. This will have a negative impact on their longevity, future milk yield and financial return. Co-housed pre-weaned calves that are fed fresh milk have the ... Read more c b
Investigating associations between maternal mental health on wheeze through two years of age in a South African birth cohort study

Author: Macginty, Rae Date: 2017 Background: Wheezing is one of the most common respiratory illnesses in children worldwide. Severe wheeze can result in significant morbidity, caregiver burden and increased health care costs. In addition, early childhood wheeze may be ... Read more
Multi-state models for the analysis of Wheeze in a birth cohort of Western Cape children

Author: Hannan, Patrick Luke Date: 2019 Introduction Wheezing is common in young children. By the age of six, approximately 50% of children in high-income countries will have experienced at least one episode of wheezing in their life. Furthermore, childhood wheezing may be ... Read more
Prolonged tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: characteristics and risk factors

Author: Bana, Tasnim M ; Lesosky, Maia ; Pepper, Dominique J ; van der Plas, Helen ; Schutz, Charlotte ; Goliath, Rene ; Morroni, Chelsea ; Mendelson, Marc ; Maartens, Gary ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Meintjes, Graeme Date: 27 Sep 2016 Background: In a proportion of patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis who develop paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), the clinical course of IRIS is prolonged necessitating substantial health care utilization ... Read more c b
Psychological distress and its relationship with non-adherence to TB treatment: a multicentre study

Author: Theron, Grant ; Peter, Jonny ; Zijenah, Lynn ; Chanda, Duncan ; Mangu, Chacha ; Clowes, Petra ; Rachow, Andrea ; Lesosky, Maia ; Hoelscher, Michael ; Pym, Alex ; Mwaba, Peter ; Mason, Peter ; Naidoo, Pamela ; Pooran, Anil ; Sohn, Hojoon ; Pai, Madhukar ; Stein, Dan Date: 2015 BACKGROUND:The successful cure of tuberculosis (TB) is dependent on adherence to treatment. Various factors influence adherence, however, few are easily modifiable. There are limited data regarding correlates of psychological distress and ... Read more c b
Reliability of a Robotic Knee Testing Tool to Assess Rotational Stability of the Knee Joint in Healthy Female and Male Volunteers

Author: Beckley, Samantha ; Stinton, Shaun ; Lesosky, Maia ; September, Alison ; Collins, Malcolm ; Branch, Thomas ; Posthumus, Mike Date: 03 Aug 2020 Abstract Background Several clinical tests exist to assess knee laxity. Although these assessments are the predominant tools of diagnosis, they are subjective and rely on the experience of the clinician. The robotic knee testing (RKT) device ... Read more
Renal safety of lithium in HIV-infected patients established on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate containing antiretroviral therapy: analysis from a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Author: Decloedt, Eric H ; Lesosky, Maia ; Maartens, Gary ; Joska, John A Date: 04 Feb 2017 Background: The prevalence of bipolar disorder in HIV-infected patients is higher than the general population. Lithium is the most effective mood stabiliser, while tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is frequently used as part of combination ... Read more c b
Simulating therapeutic drug monitoring results for dose individualisation to maintain investigator blinding in a randomised controlled trial

Author: Lesosky, Maia ; Joska, John ; Decloedt, Eric Date: 07 Jun 2017 Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is essential practice when dosing drugs with a narrow therapeutic index in order to achieve a plasma drug concentration within a narrow target range above the efficacy concentration but below the ... Read more
Simultaneous clustering with mixtures of factor analysers

Author: O'Donnell, Warwick Date: 2013 This work details the method of Simultaneous Model-based Clustering. It also presents an extension to this method by reformulating it as a model with a mixture of factor analysers. This allows for the technique, known as Simultaneous Model-Based ... Read more
Survival of adults with HIV-1 infection or Type 2 diabetes in the South African private sector

Author: Sarkin, Lee Date: 2019 Background: The scale-up of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), one of the greatest pharmacological interventions in human history, has reduced adult HIV-related deaths in South Africa by around 70% between the peak in 2005 and 2019, ... Read more
Temporal interactions of microbiota in longitudinal nasopharyngeal samples and association with lower respiratory tract infection

Author: Rambau, Brian Thabane Date: 2019 During aetiology of respiratory illnesses, it is widely accepted that infection is preceded by nasopharyngeal (NP) colonisation with bacteria and that NP flora develop early in childhood (during the first year of life). The presence of multiple ... Read more
Test characteristics and potential impact of the urine LAM lateral flow assay in HIV-infected outpatients under investigation for TB and able to self-expectorate sputum for diagnostic testing

Author: Peter, Jonny ; Theron, Grant ; Chanda, Duncan ; Clowes, Petra ; Rachow, Andrea ; Lesosky, Maia ; Hoelscher, Michael ; Mwaba, Peter ; Pym, Alex ; Dheda, Keertan ; For the TB-NEAT team Date: 2015 BACKGROUND: The commercially available urine LAM strip test, a point-of-care tuberculosis (TB) assay, requires evaluation in a primary care setting where it is most needed. There is currently inadequate data to guide implementation in TB and ... Read more c b

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