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Browsing by Author "Stein, Dan J"

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A diffusion tensor imaging and neurocognitive study of ART-naïve and ART-treated children in Cape Town

Author: Hoare, Jacqueline Date: 2015 There are still no diagnostic criteria for a spectrum of neurocognitive disorders (ND) secondary to HIV infection for children. The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) proposes guidelines for assessment of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders ... Read more
DSM-IV-defined common mental disorders:association with HIV testing, HIV-related fears, perceived risk and preventive behaviours among South African adults

Author: Myer, Landon ; Stein, Dan J ; Grimsrud, Anna T ; Herman, Allen ; Seedat, Soraya ; Moomal, Hashim ; Williams, David R Date: 2009 Background. There are few reports from South Africa on how common mental disorders may be associated with HIVrelated perceptions and behaviours. Methods. Between 2002 and 2004, 4 351 South African adults were interviewed. Psychiatric diagnoses ... Read more
Epidemiology, diagnosis and aspects of treatment in persons with serious mental illness and co-occurring substance use disorders

Author: Temmingh, Hendrik Date: 2019 Background: Co-occurring substance use disorders (SUDs) occur in as many as half to three quarters of patients with severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, a phenomenon also described as dual diagnosis. Past research ... Read more
Escitalopram in the prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Author: Suliman, Sharain ; Seedat, Soraya ; Pingo, Janine ; Sutherland, Taryn ; Zohar, Joseph ; Stein, Dan J Date: 19 Feb 2015 Background: A small literature suggests that pharmacotherapy may be useful in the prophylaxis of posttraumatic stress disorder in patients presenting with major trauma. There is relatively little data, however, on the use of selective serotonin ... Read more c b
Executive functioning in methamphetamine psychosis

Author: Cotton, Sarah May Date: 2014 An association between methamphetamine dependence and neurocognitive impairment has long been established. However, there are a number of research gaps. First, while evidence suggests that the primary cognitive domains affected in methamphetamine ... Read more
Genetic analysis of bipolar disorder and alcohol use disorder

Author: Dalvie, Shareefa Date: 2015 Background: Mental health disorders represent a major public health problem in most countries around the world. In South Africa, the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders is 30.3%, with substance-use disorders and mood disorders being ... Read more
Heroin detoxification during pregnancy: a systematic review and retrospective study of management of heroin addiction in pregnancy

Author: Gilfillan, Katherine Verne Date: 2012 There is a general consensus that methadone maintenance is the gold standard in the management of pregnant heroin users. However, in South African state hospitals, methadone withdrawal is the routine procedure offered to these patients, as ... Read more
HIV-associated cognitive disorders in children and adolescents: methodological investigations and validating a quick screening tool

Author: Phillips, Nicole Justine Date: 2019 Background Perinatal HIV-infection is associated with both cognitive and functional impairment. Accurate measurement and screening for these conditions is key in ensuring that these vulnerable children and adolescent receive the care they ... Read more
HIV/AIDS and psychiatry: Towards the establishment of a pilot programme for detection and treatment of common mental disorders in people living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town

Author: Joska, John A ; Stein, Dan J ; Flisher, Alan J Date: 2008 As the roll-out of antiretrovirals (ARVs) to people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA) continues to increase in South Africa, so too does the need to integrate mental health services into HIV care. In this editorial, we argue that the role of ... Read more
How well can post-traumatic stress disorder be predicted from pre-trauma risk factors? an exploratory study in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

Author: Kessler, Ronald C ; Rose, Sherri ; Koenen, Karestan C ; Karam, Elie G ; Stang, Paul E ; Stein, Dan J ; Heeringa, Steven G ; Hill, Eric D ; Liberzon, Israel ; McLaughlin, Katie A ; McLean, Samuel A ; Pennell, Beth E ; Petukhova, Maria ; Rosellini, Anthony J ; Ruscio, Ayelet M ; Shahly, Victoria ; Shalev, Arieh Y ; Silove, Derrick ; Zaslavsky, Alan M ; Angermeyer, Matthias C ; Bromet, Evelyn J ; de Almeida, José Miguel Caldas ; de Girolamo, Giovanni ; de Jonge, Peter ; Demyttenaere, Koen ; Florescu, Silvia E ; Gureje, Oye ; Haro, Josep Maria ; Hinkov, Hristo ; Kawakami, Norito ; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane ; Lee, Sing ; Medina-Mora, Maria Elena ; Murphy, Samuel D ; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando ; Piazza, Marina ; Posada-Villa, Jose ; Scott, Kate ; Torres, Yolanda ; Viana, Maria Carmen Date: 2014 Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) should be one of the most preventable mental disorders, since many people exposed to traumatic experiences (TEs) could be targeted in first response settings in the immediate aftermath of exposure for ... Read more
Impact of common mental disorders during childhood and adolescence on secondary school completion

Author: Myer, Landon ; Stein, Dan J ; Jackson, Pamela B ; Herman, Allen A ; Seedat, Soraya ; Williams, David R Date: 2009 There are few data from South Africa and other low- and middle-income countries on how mental disorders in childhood and adolescence may influence different aspects of socio-economic position, including educational attainment. We examined the ... Read more
Improving adherence in mental health service users with severe mental illness in South Africa: a pilot randomized controlled trial of a treatment partner and text message intervention vs. treatment as usual

Author: Sibeko, Goodman ; Sibeko, Goodman ; Mall, Sumaya ; Williams-Ashman, Peter ; Thornicroft, Graham ; Susser, Ezra S ; Lund, Crick ; Stein, Dan J ; Milligan, Peter D Date: 09 Nov 2017 Objectives: Medication non-adherence is a significant problem in treatment of severe mental disorders and is associated with poor clinical outcomes and increased demand on services. Task-shifting interventions incorporating mobile health may ... Read more
Inequality and mental healthcare utilisation among first-year university students in South Africa

Author: Bantjes, Jason ; Saal, Wylene ; Lochner, Christine ; Roos, Janine ; Auerbach, Randy P ; Mortier, Philippe ; Bruffaerts, Ronny ; Kessler, Ronald C ; Stein, Dan J Date: 25 Jan 2020 Abstract Background Addressing inequalities in mental healthcare utilisation among university students is important for socio-political transformation, particularly in countries with a history of educational exclusion. Methods As part of ... Read more
The influence of methylphenidate on heart rate and brain connectivity

Author: Van Breda, Keelyn Date: 2018 The central governor model (CGM) proposes that muscle recruitment is regulated by the brain through subconscious homeostatic control of afferent feedback. It has been suggested that the dopaminergic system plays a key role in the CGM, with ... Read more
Intergenerational effects: child and maternal outcomes related to exposure to intimate partner violence and trauma in a South African community

Author: Barnett, Whitney Christine Date: 2021 Intimate partner violence (IPV) constitutes a major global health problem, affecting one in three women worldwide at some point during their life. IPV is particularly high in low and middle income countries (LMICs) and is associated with a ... Read more
Investigating associations between maternal mental health on wheeze through two years of age in a South African birth cohort study

Author: Macginty, Rae Date: 2017 Background: Wheezing is one of the most common respiratory illnesses in children worldwide. Severe wheeze can result in significant morbidity, caregiver burden and increased health care costs. In addition, early childhood wheeze may be ... Read more
Investigating pupillometry as a novel mechanism for detecting emotional regulation difficulties in individuals with PTSD

Author: Ginton, Lee Date: 2017 Objective: Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been found to exhibit emotional regulation difficulties. However, much remains to be learned about the specific neural mechanisms that underlie such difficulties. This study ... Read more
Investigating the Influence of Methamphetamine on brain metabolism using 1H-MRS

Author: Burger, Antoinette Date: 2016 Methamphetamine (MA) has been shown to have a detrimental relationship with on neuronal integrity and viability, and has been associated with decreased executive function. The association of acute and short-term MA abstinence on brain metabolism, ... Read more
Life stress and mental disorders in the South African stress and health study

Author: Seedat, Soraya ; Stein, Dan J ; Jackson, Pamela B ; Heeringa, Steven G ; Williams, David R ; Myer, Landon Date: 2009 Background. Although stressful life events (SLEs) are associated with psychopathology, the contribution from distal and proximal events and the specificity of their association with common mental disorders require further exploration. We ... Read more
Lifetime mental disorders and suicidal behaviour in South Africa

Author: Sorsdahl, K ; Stein, Dan J ; Khasakhala, L ; Harder, V S ; Williams, D R ; Ndetei, D M Date: 2011 Background: There is relatively little data on the relationship between lifetime mental disorders and suicidal behaviour in low and middle income countries. This study examines the relationship between lifetime mental disorders, and subsequent ... Read more

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