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Browsing by Author "Maartens, Gary"

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Diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra for tuberculosis adenitis

Author: Antel, Katherine ; Oosthuizen, Jenna ; Malherbe, Francois ; Louw, Vernon J ; Nicol, Mark P ; Maartens, Gary ; Verburgh, Estelle Date: 13 Jan 2020 Abstract Background The WHO recently recommended the new Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay (Ultra) instead of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay because Ultra has improved sensitivity. We report the diagnostic accuracy of Ultra for tuberculous adenitis in a ... Read more
Early and late direct costs in a Southern African antiretroviral treatment programme: a retrospective cohort analysis

Author: Leisegang, Rory ; Cleary, Susan ; Hislop, Michael ; Davidse, Alistair ; Regensberg, Leon ; Little, Francesca ; Maartens, Gary Date: 2009 Gary Maartens and colleagues describe the direct heath care costs and identify the drivers of cost over time in an HIV managed care program in Southern Africa. Read more c b
Early severe morbidity and resource utilization in South African adults on antiretroviral therapy

Author: de Cherif, Teresa ; Schoeman, Jan ; Cleary, Susan ; Meintjes, Graeme ; Rebe, Kevin ; Maartens, Gary Date: 2009 BACKGROUND:High rates of mortality and morbidity have been described in sub-Saharan African patients within the first few months of starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). There is limited data on the causes of early morbidity ... Read more c b
Efavirenz pharmacogenetics and metabolic toxicity in black South Africans

Author: Makgai, Lesiba Meshack Date: 2022 Background: Efavirenz is associated with hepatotoxicity, dyslipidaemia and dysglycaemia. We aimed to determine if CYP2B6 composite metaboliser genotypes influence lipids, glucose and ALT concentrations. Methods: Data and DNA from South African ... Read more
The effeciveness and determinants of effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy for adults in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

Author: Boulle, Andrew Date: 2009 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) first became available in the public sector in the Western Cape Province in Khayelitsha in 2001. This thesis describes the effectiveness of ART in Khayelitsha and the Province, following adult patients for up to ... Read more
Effect of rifampicin-based antitubercular therapy on nevirapine plasma concentrations in South African adults with HIV-associated tuberculosis

Author: Cohen, Karen Date: 2013 Sub-Saharan Africa is overwhelmed by dual epidemics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infection. Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is recommended for first-line ... Read more
The efficacy of intermittent directly observed isoniazid in preventing tuberculosis in HIV-infected adults with advanced disease

Author: Mohammed, Ashraf Allie Date: 2008 [Introduction] Meta-analysis of the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in HIV-infected adults has shown significant reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis in participants with a positive tuberculin skin test (TST), but not ... Read more
Factors associated with loss to follow-up after occupational HIV exposure among health care workers attending the Groote Schuur Hospital Occupational Health Clinic

Author: Papavarnavas, Nectarios Sophocles Date: 2019 Background There is limited data on factors associated with loss to follow-up (LTFU) of health care workers (HCWs) following occupational exposure to HIV, and most studies were conducted in an era when poorly tolerated antiretrovirals (ART) ... Read more
Factors associated with loss to follow-up after occupational HIV exposure in Cape Town, South Africa: a retrospective cohort study

Author: Papavarnavas, Nectarios S ; Manning, Kathryn ; Conrad, Fahd ; Govender, Milah ; Maartens, Gary Date: 21 Apr 2017 Background: There is limited data on factors associated with loss to follow-up (LTFU) of health care workers (HCWs) following occupational exposure to HIV, and most studies were conducted in an era when poorly tolerated antiretrovirals like ... Read more
Factors influencing retention in care after starting antiretroviral therapy in a rural South African programme

Author: Boyles, Tom H ; Wilkinson, Lynne S ; Leisegang, Rory ; Maartens, Gary Date: 2011 The prognosis of patients with HIV in Africa has improved with the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) but these successes are threatened by low rates of long-term retention in care. There are limited data on predictors of retention ... Read more c b
HIV infection is associated with a lower incidence of constriction in presumed tuberculous pericarditis: a prospective observational study

Author: Ntsekhe, Mpiko ; Wiysonge, Charles S ; Gumedze, Freedom ; Maartens, Gary ; Commerford, Patrick J ; Volmink, Jimmy A ; Mayosi, Bongani M Date: 2008 BACKGROUND: Pericardial constriction is a serious complication of tuberculous pericardial effusion that occurs in up to a quarter of patients despite anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection ... Read more c b
Improving the evidence base of Markov models used to estimate the costs of scaling up antiretroviral programmes in resource-limited settings

Author: Leisegang, Rory ; Maartens, Gary ; Hislop, Michael ; Regensberg, Leon ; Cleary, Susan Date: 2010 BACKGROUND: Despite concerns about affordability and sustainability, many models of the lifetime costs of antiretroviral therapy (ART) used in resource limited settings are based on data from small research cohorts, together with pragmatic ... Read more c b
Interactions between HIV and hepatitis B and C

Author: Maartens, Gary Date: 2003 HIV shares routes of transmission with the chronic hepatitis viruses B and C. All three can be transmitted by blood products or needle sharing in intravenous drug users. HIV and hepatitis B can also be transmitted sexually and vertically ... Read more c b n
Lack of association between stavudine exposure and lipoatrophy, dysglycaemia, hyperlactataemia and hypertriglyceridaemia: a prospective cross sectional study

Author: Sinxadi, Phumla ; van der Walt, Jan-Stefan ; McIlleron, Helen ; Badri, Motasim ; Smith, Peter ; Dave, Joel ; Levitt, Naomi ; Maartens, Gary Date: 2010 BACKGROUND: Stavudine continues to be widely used in resource poor settings despite its toxicity. Our objective was to determine association between plasma stavudine concentrations and lipoatrophy, concentrations of glucose, lactate and ... Read more c b
Lymphoma: Understanding the diagnostic challenges and improving outcomes in a TBand HIV-endemic area

Author: Antel, Katherine Rae Date: 2021 Background and aims Diagnosing lymphoma can be challenging: even in the best-resourced settings, lymphoma diagnosis may be delayed owing to the insidious onset of symptoms and/or difficulties in obtaining lymph node biopsy for diagnosis. In ... Read more
Metabolic complications resulting from the use of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients

Author: Abrahams, Zulfa Date: 2016 While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has extended the life expectancy of those infected with HIV, it is also associated with a number of metabolic complications, such as dysglycaemia, insulin resistance and lipodystrophy. Lipodystrophy is ... Read more
Morbidity from antiretroviral metabolic effects in Africa: The Mama Study

Author: Karamchand, Sumanth Date: 2017 Introduction: Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has considerably reduced both the morbidity and mortality of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and its associated complications, thus effectively transforming a fatal disease ... Read more
Mortality in patients treated for tuberculous pericarditis in sub-Saharan Africa.

Author: Mayosi, Bongani M ; Wiysonge, Charles Shey ; Ntsekhe, Mpiko ; Gumedze, Freedom ; Volmink Jimmy A ; Maartens, Gary ; Aje, Akinyemi ; Thomas, Baby M ; Thomas, Kandathil M ; Awotedu, Abolade A ; Bongani, Thembela ; Mntla, Phindile ; Maritz, Frans ; Blackett, Kathleen Ngu ; Nkouonlack, Duquesne C ; Burch, Vanessa C ; Rebe, Kevin ; Parrish, Andy ; Sliwa, Karen ; Vezi, Brian Z ; Alam, Nowshad ; Brown, Basil G ; Gould, Trevor ; Visser, Tim ; Magula, Nombulelo P ; Commerford, Patrick J Date: 2008 Tuberculous pericarditis is one of the most severe forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, causing death or disability in a substantial proportion of affected people.1,2 In Africa, the incidence of tuberculous pericarditis is rising as a result ... Read more
A novel Markov model projecting costs and outcomes of providing antiretroviral therapy to public patients in private practices versus public clinics in south Africa

Author: Leisegang, Rory ; Maartens, Gary ; Hislop, Michael ; Sargent, John ; Darkoh, Ernest ; Cleary, Susan Date: 2013 Introduction Providing private antiretroviral therapy (ART) care for public sector patients could increase access to ART in low- and middle-income countries. We compared the costs and outcomes of a private-care and a public-care ART program ... Read more c b
Occupational post-exposure HIV prophylaxis

Author: Maartens, Gary Date: 2004 HIV and other bloodborne infectious agents, such as hepatitis B or C, can be transmitted to health care workers during occupational exposure. In all occupational exposure incidents proper documentation is essential in order to claim compensation ... Read more

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