Browsing by Subject "employment"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Embodying virtue in employment: Exploring the employment experiences of people with disabilities
    (2018) Bam, Armand; Ronnie, Linda
    Research on the employment experiences of people with disabilities (PWD), on a global level, is limited. While South Africa has a well-defined legislative framework that has been determined in consultation with disabled people's organisations, compliance with legislation appears to have failed to ensure that employment targets are met, or rather, it has overlooked the underemployment of PWD. As a response to the challenges, this study explored the employment experiences of PWD. A qualitative, explorative, multiple case study approach was employed. Twelve participants were selected using a purposive technique. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and provided insight into how PWD viewed their world. The interviews were supplemented through document analyses, and various modes of observation provided additional insight into each of the cases. The process of analysing the interview data followed an inductive approach during which three broad themes were identified. Factors influencing Employment elaborated on the participants' pre-employment experiences of gaining access to employment, which were shown to be impacted by various environmental barriers. Early Experiences of Inclusion at the Workplace established that induction and orientation processes were opportunities for educating co-workers about disability. However, the disclosure of disability did not guarantee improved employment experiences for the research participants. Feeling part of a team promoted early experiences of acceptance. Accommodation in the Workplace determined that PWD's accommodation requests were often evaluated and considered in terms of the costs to employers, and primarily focused on technology to improve their productivity. The need for personal assistance for the PWD in the study was found to be unavoidable. A conceptual model is presented as an alternative framework. It offers insight into how to improve disabled individuals' employment experiences to organisations and their management, and people with disabilities themselves. The model suggests that organisations operating from within a virtue framework can facilitate equal opportunities for employees. Organisations are to be more competitive, innovative and creative, and improve their sustainability. The experiences of PWD could be improved through establishing working communities within organisations as these distribute decisionmaking. The climate for organisational inclusion could also be improved by the working community's ability to redefine work and equip PWD appropriately, thereby promoting organisational citizenship, with benefits to both the organisation and individual.
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    Straining: Young Men Working through Waithood in Freetown, Sierra Leone
    (2015) Finn, Brandon; Oldfield, Sophie
    Junge Männer in der prekären Lage andauernder Arbeitslosigkeit oder Unterbeschäftigung im Nachkriegs-Sierra-Leone werden in der öffentlichen und politischen Debatte als wirtschaftlich unbeweglich oder als gefährlich und fYr Gewalt empfänglich dargestellt. Im Gegensatz dazu charakterisieren die Autoren dieses Beitrags die Arbeits- und Lebensbedingungen junger Männer in Freetown als straining – angespannt. Sie untersuchen die Logik dieser Situation permanenter Anspannung, welche innovativen Ideen die jungen Männer entwickeln, welchen Anforderungen sie ausgesetzt sind und wie ihre Aktivitäten sich innerhalb der Stadt verteilen, insbesondere wenn sie mit Verbot und Kriminalisierung des informellen Handels konfrontiert sind. Die Autoren zeigen auf, dass die Anspannung immer wieder neu entsteht und fortdauert, weil (nicht obwohl) junge Männer marginalisiert sind und nur Yber eingeschränkte Handlungsautonomie verfYgen. In dieser Lage entwickeln sie provisorische Aktivitäten, um die Zeit des Wartens, in der sie sich befinden, auf dynamische Weise zu nutzen. In ihrem BemYhen, den eigenen Lebensunterhalt zu sichern und ihre Familien zu unterstYtzen, bewältigen sie gleichzeitig den Übergang von Jugendlichen zu Erwachsenen. Die Autoren plädieren fYr ein differenzierteres Verständnis fYr die arbeitenden jungen Männer in Freetown, aber auch allgemein fYr die große Zahl junger Menschen in afrikanischen Städten.
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    Open Access
    TEDI 3 Week 2 - Career Education and Self-determination
    (2019-06-01) Botha, Michelle
    In this video, Michelle Botha discusses the relationship between work, independence and security for people with visual disabilities, who in South Africa experience unemployment levels of approximately 97%. She discusses the anxiety that surrounds the search for work for people with disabilities. She discusses the change in legislation that has opened up possibilities for employment and tertiary studies for people with visual impairment. She discusses the importance of early career guidance and development at school which can support learners in making informed subject and career choices, and how specialist organisations can support their self-development and provide useful guidance and support. She discusses the importance of assessing learner's self-determination, and how many job opportunities that were previously seen as inaccessible to people with visual disabilities can in fact be pursued successfully.
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    The impact of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) on employment in Khayelitsha
    (2008) Coetzee, Celeste
    This paper examines the impact of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) on labour force participation of people living with HIV/AIDS in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Cox Proportional Hazard Models with stratum effects for three medical clinics, and Accelerated Failure Time Models with individual specific unobserved shared effects (frailty), are estimated for transitions from inactivity to unemployment, and transitions from unemployment into employment, using a longitudinal data set. The findings of this study indicate that HAART leads to greater activity in the labour market, but there was not a strong effect on re-entry into employment.
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    The measurement of employment status in South Africa using cohort analysis, 1994-2004
    (2007) Branson, Nicola; Wittenberg, Martin
    We analyse trends in employment, unemployment and labour force participation by simple graphical techniques, using all the October Household Surveys and the September Labour Force Surveys. We show that African male employment in 1995 seems high, when compared to all the other surveys. Furthermore much of the increase in African female labour force participation is concentrated in the period 1998 to 2000, which suggests that measurement and sampling changes may be partially responsible for the trend. We track cohorts of individuals over the eleven years for which we have data. We show that young people are leaving school earlier, while being better educated than their elders. They are not, however, being absorbed into employment at a faster rate. This has led to a spike in youth unemployment.