Browsing by Subject "clinical psychology"

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    Emotional disturbance in planned versus unplanned coloured children and their mothers
    (1966) Singer, Gerald; van der Spuy, H I J
    Twenty-nine planned and seventy-six unplanned Coloured children were compared on the Junior Eysenck Personality Inventory, the Purpose In Life test and the Rutter Teachers' Questionnaire for emotional disturbance. Their mothers were also compared on the Eysenck Personality Inventory for neuroticism and the Maryland Parent Attitude Survey. The Purpose In Life test showed the planned children to have significantly more meaning in their lives. No significant differences between planned and unplanned children were obtained on the other two questionnaires. Mothers of unplanned children were found to be significantly more neurotic than mothers of planned children. No differences in maternal attitudes of rejection and protection were found. Differences in the family size and educational attainment of the mothers were significant in the expected direction. It was finally postulated that the greater the adversity of circumstance of the family, the more negative the effects of unplanned status will be on emotional adjustment.
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    Outcomes of sexual assault court cases involving people with intellectual disabilities within the Western Cape: the association between conviction of the perpetrator and the complainants level of intellectual functioning
    (2023) Jantjies, Roslyn Rolien; Shabalala, Nokuthula; Wild, Lauren
    People with intellectual disabilities (PWID) are more likely to be survivors of sexual assault than people without intellectual disabilities (ID). Their cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and physical challenges increase their vulnerability and chances of being sexually assaulted. Despite this, individuals that disclose their sexual abuse face multiple barriers while seeking justice. This results in low prosecution and conviction rates of sexual offenders in cases involving complainants with ID. There is limited information available about specific factors that predict a court case outcome of sexual abuse cases involving PWID. This correlational study reviewed archival data of alleged survivors of sexual abuse with ID. The sample of 493 complainants had received assistance from Cape Mental Health (CMH) Sexual and Victim Empowered (SAVE) Program. This study showed that most of the complainants of sexual assault were female (86.8%), and 12.6% were male. Most complainants fell within the Mild ID range (54.6%), followed by Severe (20.3%) and Moderate ID (17%). More than half of the cases were withdrawn (58%), 22% of the perpetrators were found guilty, and 12% were acquitted of the charges. This study found that the ability to understand the consequences of sex and to refuse sexual advances increased the individual's ability to consent to sexual activity, while their ability to answer clarifying questions and take an oath significantly impacted their ability to testify in court. However, neither the ability to provide consent nor the ability to testify was significant in predicting the court case outcomes. This highlights the challenges complainants with ID face when seeking justice for sexual abuse. Sexuality education for PWID may mitigate their risk of sexual abuse and serve as a protective factor. Furthermore, the public's awareness regarding the rights of, and responsibilities towards, PWID may also decrease their vulnerability and protect PWID from injustice.
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    The consultation relationship as a complex partnership: experiences of psychological consultation in Atlantis
    (1996) Maw, Anastasia; Swartz, Leslie
    Community psychology has as its fundamental aim the wish to make mental health care more accessible, applicable and practicable to a greater number of people. In the South African context with its history of the inequitable distribution of mental health services and the shortage in resources to meet the needs of the majority, this is a particularly salient issue. Consultation has been suggested as a way of sharing psychological skills with front line mental health workers. The literature on consultation, however, is limited in its understanding of the complex interplay of power dynamics between the consultant and consultee, and the effects of this on the aims and goals of the consultation relationship. In this study a comparative, qualitative analysis of consultation with a school nurse and a mental health worker in Atlantis is discussed. Atlantis, a coloured town situated 48 kilometres from Cape Town along the west coast, is a remnant of Apartheid's separate development policy. A thematic analysis of the consultation relationships highlights the complex interplay of culture, race, class, language, gender and 'goodness of fit' between consultant and consultee in the consultation partnership. Recommendations are made regarding the use of needs assessment, the assessment of suitability of both consultant and consultee for consultation work, issues of power and empowerment and the goals and aims of the consultation partnership.