Browsing by Subject "Surgical Technique"

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    Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy (DRC) Surgical Technique
    (2025-03-08) Wasl, Hisham; Lubbe, Darlene
    Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical intervention for epiphora caused by obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct. Understanding endonasal anatomy, wide endoscopic marsupialisation of the lacrimal sac, and meticulous care of the nasal mucosa are important to achieve good results. Patients develop symptoms of tearing when there is an imbalance between tear production and drainage function of lacrimal system. Tearing can therefore be caused by Hypersecretion, Epiphora, and Combinations of the above.
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    Rectus Abdominis Flap for Head & Neck Reconstruction
    (2025-10-31) Pipkorn, Patrik; Nussenbaum, Brian
    The rectus abdominis flap is based on the deep inferior epigastric artery. It is a composite flap and comprises muscle, over-lying fascia and skin. It is versatile and provides a large volume of soft tissue and is technically straightforward to raise. Many variations based on the inferior epigastric artery, including perforator flaps, have been described. In the head and neck it is typically used to reconstruct large oral defects, skull base defects, maxillectomy defects or whenever a large volume of soft tissue is required. In the head and neck it has more recently been largely supplanted by the anterolateral thigh free flap.
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    Upper & Lower Trapezius Flaps for Head & Neck Reconstruction
    (2025-10-31) Pipkorn, Patrik; Jackson, Ryan; Rich, Jason
    Trapezius flaps are a useful reconstructive option for the head and neck. Because of the popularity of microvascular surgery, as well as surgeons’ unfamiliarity with back flaps and the need for lateral or prone surgical positioning, trapezius flaps have however decreased in popularity. But, in a setting without microvascular expertise and with other reconstructive options exhausted, these are robust and reliable flaps with low morbidity. There are three types of trapezius flaps i.e. upper, lower and lateral trapezius island flaps. The lateral trapezius island flap has a very variable blood supply and is very seldom used and is not covered in this chapter.