Browsing by Subject "Metabolic inhibitors"

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    Recovery of the resurrection plant Craterostigma wilmsii from desiccation: protection versus repair
    (Oxford University Press, 2002) Cooper, Keren; Farrant, Jill M
    Craterostigma wilmsii Engl. (homoiochlorophyllous) is a resurrection species that is thought to rely primarily on the protection of cellular components during drying to survive desiccation. The time taken for this protection to be instituted is thought to preclude recovery after rapid drying. Thus the response of C. wilmsii plants to rapid dehydration was investigated. The effect of rapid drying on sucrose accumulation was determined and the cellular ultrastructure was investigated during natural (slow) and rapid dehydration and on subsequent rehydration. The dependence of naturally and rapidly dried C. wilmsii on de novotranscription and translation during and after rehydration was determined by examining quantum efficiency, changes in photosynthetic pigments and subcellular organization of excised leaves with rehydration in water and using the metabolic inhibitors, distamycin A and cycloheximide. Slowly dried C. wilmsii required no new transcription or translation during rehydration in order to recover. With rapid dehydration, cells showed ultrastructural damage, which indicated that at least some protective mechanisms were affected (as evidenced by a reduced accumulation of sucrose). C. wilmsii was able to limit the damage and recover upon rehydration in water, but rapidly dried plants did not survive if mRNA or protein synthesis was inhibited by distamycin A or cycloheximide, respectively. This demonstrates an induction of repair mechanisms during rehydration, which enables recovery from rapid drying. Thus, although C. wilmsii does rely almost entirely on protection during natural drying, it apparently has the ability to repair if protection is inadequate and damage is incurred.
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    Three phase mixing studies for nickel precipitation
    (Elsevier, 2003) Roberts, M; Lewis, A E
    Hydrodynamics, temperature, pH and various other physico-chemical factors influence the morphology of nickel produced via hydrogen reduction. The focus of the current work is the effect on hydrodynamics of changing the impeller and reactor configurations in a 75 l stirred vessel with draft tube and baffles. The aim was to determine which configuration resulted in maximum particle suspension and local gas hold-up while using the minimum impeller speed and power consumption. A response surface methodology of experimental design was employed. This ensured that the number of candidate variables to be tested was reduced to a minimum and that interactive effects between variables were taken into account. The impeller configurations tested were a single Rushton turbine, a single axial flow impeller, and a double impeller system consisting of a combination of the two. The reactor configurations, tested at different gas flow rates, were varied to test the effects with and without baffles. It was found that optimum mixing could be achieved using a baffled vessel with an upper axial flow impeller and a lower Rushton turbine, and by keeping a minimum impeller clearance from the vessel bottom. This is in agreement with [Mineral Processing, 1–2 August 2002].