Browsing by Author "Rochat, Tamsen"

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    Caregiver, child and family characteristics associated with parenting stress in rural KwazuluNatal
    (2019) Mitchell, Joanie; Wild, Lauren; Rochat, Tamsen
    Parenting Stress (PS) has been shown to negatively impact on various areas of child development. Additionally, clinically significant levels of PS have been shown to be fairly stable over time and thus unlikely to decrease without intervention. Understanding factors that contribute to PS is therefore important for developing preventative interventions. Despite this, PS has largely been understudied, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The present study aimed to explore PS among 1535 caregivers of primary school-aged children in rural KwaZulu-Natal. The data were collected by experienced fieldworkers, in interviewer style, over three visits, and underwent checks for completeness and quality assurance, prior to data entry. The analysis for the present study included using logistic regression techniques to examine contributing caregiver, child and family factors, as well as content analysis to examine caregivers’ most prominent concerns about their children. Around 16% of this sample were experiencing clinically significant PS. The following factors were found to increase risk of PS: the mother becoming HIV infected post-pregnancy, the family experiencing recent food insecurity, the child exhibiting internalizing or externalizing behaviours and the child having academic or other problems at school. Two factors were linked to a reduced likelihood of PS, namely the child being helped to learn shapes and sizes at home and maternal participation in a breastfeeding study. The content analysis revealed that caregivers most frequently reported having psychosocial concerns about their children, including specific personality traits such as low levels of conscientiousness and poor self-regulation. These findings illustrate the need for early intervention and support for mothers and children in LMICs. Furthermore, this research showed the impact of parental HIV and the need for comprehensive life-course approaches to curb future adversities for HIV infected women and families.
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    Cross-sectional associations between mental health indicators and social vulnerability, with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep in urban African young women
    (2022-07-10) Draper, Catherine E; Cook, Caylee J; Redinger, Stephanie; Rochat, Tamsen; Prioreschi, Alessandra; Rae, Dale E; Ware, Lisa J; Lye, Stephen J; Norris, Shane A
    Background Relationships between mental health and multiple health behaviours have not been explored in young South African women experiencing social constraints. The aim of this study was to identify associations between mental health indicators and risk factors with physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep, amongst young women living in Soweto, a predominantly low-income, urban South African setting. Methods For this cross-sectional study, baseline measurements for participants (n = 1719, 18.0–25.9 years old) recruited for the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative were used including: physical activity, sedentary behaviour (sitting, screen and television time), sleep (duration and quality), depression and anxiety indicators, emotional health, adverse childhood experiences, alcohol-use risk; social vulnerability, self-efficacy, and social support. Results Multiple regression analyses showed that depression (β = 0.161, p < 0.001), anxiety (β = 0.126, p = 0.001), adverse childhood experiences (β = 0.076, p = 0.014), and alcohol-use risk (β = 0.089, p = 0.002) were associated with poor quality sleep. Alcohol-use risk was associated with more screen time (β = 0.105, p < 0.001) and television time (β = 0.075, p < 0.016). Social vulnerability was associated with lower sitting time (β = − 0.187, p < 0001) and screen time (β = − 0.014, p < 0.001). Higher self-efficacy was associated with more moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (β = 0.07, p = 0.036), better-quality sleep (β = − 0.069, p = 0.020) and less television time (β = − 0.079, p = 0.012). Having no family support was associated with more sitting time (β = 0.075, p = 0.022). Binomial logistic regression analyses supported these findings regarding sleep quality, with anxiety and depression risk doubling the risk of poor-quality sleep (OR = 2.425, p < 0.001, OR = 2.036, p = 0.003 respectively). Conclusions These findings contribute to our understanding of how mental health indicators and risk factors can be barriers to health behaviours of young women in Soweto, and that self-efficacy and social support can be protective for certain of these behaviours for these women. Our results highlight the uniqueness of this setting regarding associations between mental health and behaviours associated with non-communicable diseases risk.