Browsing by Author "Marie, Annabelle Corinne"

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    Diversités en langue et littérature françaises (Chamoiseau: un cas d' école)
    (2009) Marie, Annabelle Corinne
    La notion de diversité est aujourd'hui trés en vogue. Nous chercherons à en mesurer les effets dans la litterature contemporaine d' expression française, telle qu' elle se présente dans Ie contexte d'un enseignement universitaire a I'etranger. Si on ne peut que se réjouir des transformations dans la société que reflete Ie mot de " diversite", on doit pourtant interroger I'aspect plutôt vague de ce terme, qui rencontre ceux de " multiculturel" ou de " pluriculturel" sans apporter rien de précis. Nous essayerons donc de distinguer, au long de notre parcours, trois types de diversités dans I'enseignement de la littérature francophone à I'etranger, en nous basant sur un récit autobiographique de l'écrivain martiniquais, Patrick Chamoiseau : Chemin-d'ecole, tel que I'analysent des chercheurs anglophones. Une première definition de la diversité serait purement linguistique : ce serait celie du " créole", ou de to ute autre langue " étrangère" qui entre en contact avec Ie français dans un texte, sans considération de I'aspect politique du texte littéraire étudié. La seconde sera it essentiellement politique : ce serait celie de la " créolité", ou de toute autre langue mineure dans son combat contre la domination du français, qui insisterait sur les aspects politiques du texte étudié. Enfin, la derniére serait avant tout poétique : ce serait celie que pratique Chamoiseau lui-même, en tentant de dépasser les contradictions linguistiques et politiques au moyen de la "creolisation" - par injection de tournures créoles dans Ie parler français. Nous espérons pouvoir en tirer certaines conclusions relatives à I'enseignement de la litterature comme produit multiculturel.
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    Hybridité, animalité et métissage : la littérature francophone contemporaine entre parasitisme et devenir-autre
    (2015) Marie, Annabelle Corinne; Cornille, Jean-Louis
    Postcolonial Francophone literature, as it has evolved since the independence movements in the French colonies (mainly in Africa and in the Caribbean islands), has known two major moments in the 20th century, where it distanced itself from metropolitan French Literature: in the forties, fifties and sixties, with the movement of the « négritude » and more recently, in the nineties, with the rise of "créolité"- which will lead to the actual current of "Littérature-monde" (2005), and corresponds to the era that will be investigated here. It would be naïve to think that this desire for literary independence could have been fulfilled entirely, while expressed in the language of the "oppressor". In spite of its claims to the contrary, this postcolonial francophone literature remains to this day haunted by its French model. To a certain degree, it is still very much dependent as can be seen from its fixation with Paris as the only "centre" of culture and the frequency of themes such as social parasitism and hospitality. But of course, Francophone literature cannot be reduced to such a simplistic model. Its relationship to French Literature can't be reduced to a purely mimetic one. In spite of (or maybe thanks to) its heavy borrowing from the French canon, it has succeeded in creating a new space of reciprocal exchanges and constant metamorphosis. It is this space that H. Bhabha called "third space", defined by hybridity and "métissage" - a paradoxical way of coping with the double inheritance of the same and the other. In opposition to the static behaviour in which the parasite engages when imitating, one has to conceive, according to G. Deleuze and F. Guattari, a heterogeneous relationship characterized by movement and fluctuation: a "becoming" rather than a "being". It is this notion of constantly changing identities that we will analyze in reaction to parasitism, which remains based on imitation: a need for metamorphosis best expressed in "animalisation" and the loss of identity it produces. In order to test this hypothesis, we will analyze a series of works of fiction where this theme of animalisation is most visible (produced over the past 15 years in Postcolonial Francophone literature). Some of the novels in our corpus are the following: Mémoires d'un porc-épic, by Mabanckou (from Congo); Moi, l'interdite, by Ananda Devi (from Mauritius), Temps de chien by P. Nganang (from Cameroun) and Un Chien mort après lui by Jean Rolin (France). We hope that the relative homogeneity of our findings will allow us to formulate new insights in the way Francophone literature deals with those ever returning questions of identity and otherness.