Browsing by Author "Mabaso, Musawenkosi"

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    Determinants of HIV infection among adolescent girls and young women aged 15–24 years in South Africa: a 2012 population-based national household survey
    (BioMed Central, 2018-01-26) Mabaso, Musawenkosi; Sokhela, Zinhle; Mohlabane, Neo; Chibi, Buyisile; Zuma, Khangelani; Simbayi, Leickness
    Abstract Background South Africa is making tremendous progress in the fight against HIV, however, adolescent girls and young women aged 15–24 years (AGYW) remain at higher risk of new HIV infections. This paper investigates socio-demographic and behavioural determinants of HIV infection among AGYW in South Africa. Methods A secondary data analysis was undertaken based on the 2012 population-based nationally representative multi-stage stratified cluster random household sample. Multivariate stepwise backward and forward regression modelling was used to determine factors independently associated with HIV prevalence. Results Out of 3092 interviewed and tested AGYW 11.4% were HIV positive. Overall HIV prevalence was significantly higher among young women (17.4%) compared to adolescent girls (5.6%). In the AGYW model increased risk of HIV infection was associated with being young women aged 20–24 years (OR = 2.30, p = 0.006), and condom use at last sex (OR = 1.91, p = 0.010), and decreased likelihood was associated with other race groups (OR = 0.06, p < 0.001), sexual partner within 5 years of age (OR = 0.53, p = 0.012), tertiary level education (OR = 0.11, p = 0.002), low risk alcohol use (OR = 0.19, p = 0.022) and having one sexual partner (OR = 0.43, p = 0.028). In the adolescent girls model decreased risk of HIV infection was associated with other race groups (OR = 0.01, p < 0.001), being married (OR = 0.07), p = 0.016], and living in less poor household (OR = 0.08, p = 0.002). In the young women’s models increased risk of HIV infection was associated with condom use at last sex (OR = 2.09, p = 0.013), and decreased likelihood was associated with other race groups (OR = 0.17, p < 0.001), one sexual partner (OR = 0.6, p = 0.014), low risk alcohol use (OR = 0.17, p < 0.001), having a sexual partner within 5 years of age (OR = 0.29, p = 0.022), and having tertiary education (OR = 0.29, p = 0.022). Conclusion These findings support the need to design combination prevention interventions which simultaneously address socio-economic drivers of the HIV epidemic, promote education, equity and access to schooling, and target age-disparate partnerships, inconsistent condom use and risky alcohol consumption.
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    Determinants of voluntary or coerced sexual debut among Black African female adolescents in Soweto, South Africa: Findings from The Birth to Twenty Plus cohort study
    (2018) Nyemba, Dorothy Chiwoniso; Ramjith, Jordache; Cornell, Morna; Mabaso, Musawenkosi
    Early sexual debut whether voluntary or coerced increases exposure to high risk sex which leads to unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections including HIV and reproductive heal th problems during adolescence. This study aim s to examine the risk factors for age of sexual debut, either voluntary or coerced among Black African female adolescents from the Birth to Twenty cohort study in Soweto, South Africa . Part A is the study protocol which outlines the rationale for conducting this study , study aim, research methodology, analysis plan and ethical considerations. Part B forms the literature review which gives a summary of the existing literature and provides context for the dissertation. The objectives of the literature review were to identify published literature on determinants of either voluntary or coerced sexual debut in adolescents and identify gaps for further research. Part C is the manuscript presenting the results and discussion on the implications of key findings. The results showed that there are many Black African female adolescents who are engaging in early sexual debut and there is prevalenc e of coerced sexual debut among adolescents of similar age. Socio-economic status and maternal education were found to be significantly associated with coerced sexual debut. There is a need for interventions to delay sexual debut among young female adolescents from low socio-economic backgrounds and lower maternal education.
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    Factors associated with age-disparate sexual partnerships among males and females in South Africa: a multinomial analysis of the 2012 national population-based household survey data
    (2021-03-12) Mabaso, Musawenkosi; Mlangeni, Lungelo; Makola, Lehlogonolo; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Naidoo, Inbarani; Naidoo, Yogandra; Chibi, Buyisile; Zuma, Khangelani; Simbayi, Leickness
    Background In South Africa, age-disparate to sexual relationships where the age difference between partners is 5 years or greater is an important contributor to the spread of HIV. However, little is known about the predictors of age-disparate sexual relationships. This study investigates factors associated with age-disparate sexual relationships among males and females in South Africa. Methods This analysis used the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey conducted using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling design. Multivariate multinomial stepwise logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with age-disparate sexual relationships. Results Of 15,717 participants, who responded to the question on age-disparate sexual relationships, 62% males versus 58.5% females had partners within 5 years older or younger, 34.7% of males versus 2.7% of females had partners at least 5 years younger and 3.3% of males versus 38.8% of females had partners at least 5 years older. Among both males and females predictors of age-disparate sexual relationships were education, employment, socioeconomic status, locality type, age at sexual debut, condom use at last sexual act and HIV status while race was also an additional predictor for among females. Including unprotected sex and risk of HIV infection among adolescent girls and young women with sexual partners 5 years older their age. Conclusions This study suggest that there is a need for reprioritizing the combination of behavioural and structural interventions to address risky sexual behaviours, unprotected sex, poverty, limited education and gender inequitable norms related to age-disparate sexual relationships and HIV.