Browsing by Author "Brock, J F"

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    The inter-relationship of gastro-enteritis and malnutrition in Cape Town
    (1964) Wittmann, W; Brock, J F
    Diarrhoea is an important cause of illness throughout the world and remains a leading cause of death among infants and young children. The number of deaths from this condition is estimated at 5 million a year. There are important clinical differences in the disease as it manifests itself in previously normal well-nourished children compared with malnourished children. The major part of the total world problem today is concentrated in the industrially underdeveloped countries where malnutrition and retarded development are a feature of infancy and early childhood. In a recent review Ordway indicated the emphasis that is put on (1) the high morbidity and mortality rates among infants and young children, (2) the association with malnutrition, (3) the low socio-economic status of the affected population groups and (4) the multiple and often obscure aetiology of the disease. In this review special emphasis will be put on the association of the disease with malnutrition, where morbidity and mortality are highest. Accurate morbidity figures are not always available but where mortality is high, morbidity is also high.
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    Some factors regulating albumin catabolism and synthesis
    (1968) Hoffenberg, Raymond; Brock, J F
    Hypoalbuminaemia is an essential accompaniment of protein malnutrition. Yet the level of plasma albumin is usually regarded as a relatively crude reflection of a patient's nutritional status, reduction occurring only after prolonged or severe inadequacy of dietary protein. Brock recognized that a marginal degree of hypoalbuminaemia might be evidence of impending or early deficiency, and suggested that minor grades of "protein subnutrition" could conceivably exist with serum albumin levels still within the normal range. The work reported in this thesis developed originally out of an attempt to explore this possibility, and to characterize some of the changes in albumin metabolism that followed mild or early experimental protein deprivation in man and rabbits. Dynamic studies using albumin labelled with radioactive iodine revealed evidence of early adaptational changes, possibly occurring before alteration in the plasma albumin levels. While these studies shed some light on the response of albumin metabolism to experimental depletion, they failed to provide the hoped-for means by which subclinical protein malnutrition could be detected. From this work, however, it was but a short conceptual jump to the general problem of albumin homeostasis, a consideration of which forms the basis of this thesis. The first approach was a study of changes in albumin synthesis and catabolism in rabbits following limitation of dietary protein intake. Adaptive responses were then investigated in animals, provided with normal protein diets, after protein depletion induced by an alternative method - plasmapheresis - and, finally, after intravenous infusion of albumin solutions. Based on these and reported results, a tentative hypothesis has been adduced to account for the body's adaptation to variation in the plasma albumin pool, brought about by experimental manipulation or occurring spontaneously in disease.
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    The composition of certain lipids in man : a comparative study of lipids in total serum, in the serum B-lipoprotein fraction and in arterial atheromatous plaques in certain groups of people
    (1964) Young, Gerardine Olga; Brock, J F
    In recent years biochemical studies have played an important role in research into the pathogenesis of ischaemic heart disease. A large number of these studies have been concerned with the relationship between serum lipids and ischaemic heart disease (I.H.D.), which has been defined by the World Health Organization (1957) as "the cardiac disability, acute and chronic, arising from reduction or arrest of blood supply to the myocardium in association with disease processes in the coronary arterial system".
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    Open Access
    The inter-relationship of gastro-enteritis and malnutrition in Cape Town
    (1964) Wittmann, W; Brock, J F
    Diarrhoea is an important cause of illness throughout the world and remains a leading cause of death among infants and young children. The number of deaths from this condition is estimated at 5 million a year. There are important clinical differences in the disease as it manifests itself in previously normal well-nourished children compared with malnourished children. The major part of the total world problem today is concentrated in the industrially underdeveloped countries where malnutrition and retarded development are a feature of infancy and early childhood. In a recent review Ordway indicated the emphasis that is put on (1) the high morbidity and mortality rates among infants and young children, (2) the association with malnutrition, (3) the low socio-economic status of the affected population groups and (4) the multiple and often obscure aetiology of the disease. In this review special emphasis will be put on the association of the disease with malnutrition, where morbidity and mortality are highest. Accurate morbidity figures are not always available but where mortality is high, morbidity is also high.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Open Access
    The inter-relationship of gastro-enteritis and malnutrition in Cape Town
    (1964) Wittmann, W; Brock, J F
    Diarrhoea is an important cause of illness throughout the world and remains a leading cause of death among infants and young children. The number of deaths from this condition is estimated at 5 million a year. There are important clinical differences in the disease as it manifests itself in previously normal well-nourished children compared with malnourished children. The major part of the total world problem today is concentrated in the industrially underdeveloped countries where malnutrition and retarded development are a feature of infancy and early childhood. In a recent review Ordway indicated the emphasis that is put on (1) the high morbidity and mortality rates among infants and young children, (2) the association with malnutrition, (3) the low socio-economic status of the affected population groups and (4) the multiple and often obscure aetiology of the disease. In this review special emphasis will be put on the association of the disease with malnutrition, where morbidity and mortality are highest. Accurate morbidity figures are not always available but where mortality is high, morbidity is also high.