Browsing by Author "Brink, Johan G"

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    Long term outcome and the validity of EuroSCORE II in native-valve surgery for active endocarditis in a South African cohort
    (2015) Koshy, Jithan Jacob; Zilla, Peter; Brink, Johan G; Engel, Mark E
    Infective endocarditis was initially described in the early 16th century and only methodically reviewed after the 19th century when Osler gave the drive to the Royal College of Physicians in 1885 through his contribution. The last 25 years has not shown much change in the mortality from infective endocarditis (IE) despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances. The current in-hospital mortality rate for patients with IE is 15% to 20%, with 1-year mortality approaching 40%. The morbidity associated with infective endocarditis includes valvular incompetence, embolization, cerebrovascular accidents and congestive heart failure and this has influenced the surgical options to a great extent. The EuroSCORE II is the current model available for predicting the early mortality after cardiac surgery. HYPOTHESIS: Infective endocarditis has a high risk for mortality due to certain risk factors and the currently available EuroSCORE II model may not predict early mortality accurately and may not be suitable for our patient population. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the major risk factors for adverse short and long term outcomes in patients with active native valve infective endocarditis needing cardiac surgery, and to validate the EuroSCORE II in our cohort of patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review will be undertaken on patients with infective endocarditis requiring cardiac surgery from 2000-2012 at the Christian Barnard Division of Cardiothoracic surgery (Groote Schuur Hospital, UCT Private Academic Hospital) and follow-up with respect to mortality, re-operation and major adverse cardiac events, as well as an evaluation of the validity of the EuroSCORE II. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The standardized data extraction form in the appendix will be used for extracting data from various databases and telephonic interviews. Data will be analyzed using STATA to determine the most significant predictors of adverse outcome and conducting Kaplan Meier actuarial analysis for early and late survival and freedom from adverse events. The EuroSCORE II will be evaluated and validated to our cohort of patients.
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    Outcomes of "off-pump" coronary artery bypass grafting in a developing country : advantages over coronary artery bypass grafting on cardiopulmonary bypass
    (2010) Ofoegbu, Chimu K P; Brink, Johan G
    Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) was developed to avoid the deleterious effects of CPB. Current literature reveals some peri-operative advantages of OPCAB, with few studies detailing these in Africa. We review our institutional experience with both approaches in higher risk patients to determine pre-operative characteristics, short and mid-term outcomes in a developing country.
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    Retrospective review of paediatric rheumatic mitral valve repairs and replacements done at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital (RCWMCH) over a decade
    (2016) Mureko, Alfred; Brink, Johan G; Hewitson, John
    Objectives: Rheumatic heart disease remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and it is the leading cause of acquired paediatric cardiac disease in the developing world. The aim of this study was to understand the burden of rheumatic heart disease and to review the surgical management of rheumatic mitral valve disease at our institution. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 76 consecutive patients who underwent mitral valve surgery for rheumatic heart disease between 1998 and 2010. The results and follow-up were reviewed, where death and reoperation were the primary endpoints. The follow up included a review of the latest information from the patients' medical records and telephonic interviews or home visits. Results: A 91% follow up was achieved over a median follow up period of 7.4 years (range 0.1-15.2 years). The mean age at surgery was 10.7 years (SD +- 2.7 years). The females constituted 66% and males 34%. Mitral valve repairs were performed in 64% of patients and of the 64% repairs, 0.06% only had commissurotomies. Replacements were performed in 36% of patients. All mitral valve replacements were mechanical prostheses. The actuarial freedom from reoperation for repairs was 83% (+-2.2) and 66% (+-3.4) at 5 and 10 years and for replacements was 87% (+-4.8) and 87%(+-4.8) respectively (p=0.27). Actuarial freedom from embolic cerebrovascular accidents in the repair group at both 5 and 10 years was 100%, compared to 90.2% (+-6.6) and 79% (+-12.0) for the replacement group at 5 and 10 years respectively (p=0.02). Actuarial freedom from death at 5 and 10 years for children over 12.8 years was 77.7% (+-9.9) and 69.1% (+-12.0) respectively, compared to 93.6% (+-3.6) and 93.6% (+-3.6) for children under 12.8 years (p=0.03). No statistical significant difference was noted in freedom from valve related failure and death between repairs and replacements. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in survival between mitral valve repairs and replacements. There was surprisingly worse survival among children who were above 12.8 years at time of the surgery.
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