Environmental risk factors for asthma in 13-14 year old African children

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dc.contributor.advisorErhlich, Rodney
dc.contributor.advisorMyer, Landon
dc.contributor.advisorRamjith, Jordache
dc.contributor.advisorZar, Heather
dc.contributor.authorAyuk, Adaeze Chikaodinaka
dc.date.accessioned2019-02-06T12:42:54Z
dc.date.available2019-02-06T12:42:54Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.date.updated2019-02-06T08:28:06Z
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Asthma prevalence in African children is high and increasing, with more severe disease than that in high income countries. Specific factors driving the rising prevalence or disease severity are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate environmental factors associated with asthma and severity in African children using data obtained from International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, (ISAAC) III. METHODS: A population based cross-sectional study of children aged 13-14 years from 10 African centres who participated in ISAAC III from randomly selected schools. The prevalence of asthma or severe asthma was calculated for each centre. Self-reported environmental exposures included engaging in physical exercise, television watching, biomass and ETS exposure, consumption of paracetamol, large family sizes and having pets in the home. Univariable and multivariable analyses were done adjusting for centre variations. Odds ratio and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Amongst 28490 adolescents from 232 schools in 10 African centres (4 middle income and 6 low income), the prevalence of asthma was 12.8% (CI 12.4-13.2), while prevalence of severe disease was 8.7% (CI 8.4-8.0). Factors most strongly associated with asthma were maternal smoking (OR= 1.41; 95% CI: 1.23 - 1.64), exposure to open fire heating (OR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.08 - 1.51) and electric heating (OR=1.13; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.28), engaging in strenuous exercise (OR= 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11 - 1.50 and monthly use of paracetamol (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.13 - 1.33, while having an elder sibling was protective for asthma (OR=0.87; 95% CI 0.77 – 0.98). Factors strongly associated with severe asthma were maternal smoking (OR=1.61; 95% CI: 1.38 - 1.89), having a cat pet at home (OR=1.14; 95% CI: 1.04 - 1.25), engaging in≥3 weekly physical exercise (OR=1.42; 95% CI: 1.23 - 1.64) and monthly consumption of paracetamol (OR=1.20; 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.34). CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of severe asthma in African children. Several environmental exposures were associated with asthma or with severe disease. Strategies to reduce harmful environmental exposures must be strengthened to reduce the burden of childhood asthma in Africa.
dc.identifier.apacitationAyuk, A. C. (2018). <i>Environmental risk factors for asthma in 13-14 year old African children</i>. (). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29369en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationAyuk, Adaeze Chikaodinaka. <i>"Environmental risk factors for asthma in 13-14 year old African children."</i> ., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29369en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationAyuk, A. 2018. Environmental risk factors for asthma in 13-14 year old African children. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Ayuk, Adaeze Chikaodinaka AB - BACKGROUND: Asthma prevalence in African children is high and increasing, with more severe disease than that in high income countries. Specific factors driving the rising prevalence or disease severity are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate environmental factors associated with asthma and severity in African children using data obtained from International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, (ISAAC) III. METHODS: A population based cross-sectional study of children aged 13-14 years from 10 African centres who participated in ISAAC III from randomly selected schools. The prevalence of asthma or severe asthma was calculated for each centre. Self-reported environmental exposures included engaging in physical exercise, television watching, biomass and ETS exposure, consumption of paracetamol, large family sizes and having pets in the home. Univariable and multivariable analyses were done adjusting for centre variations. Odds ratio and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Amongst 28490 adolescents from 232 schools in 10 African centres (4 middle income and 6 low income), the prevalence of asthma was 12.8% (CI 12.4-13.2), while prevalence of severe disease was 8.7% (CI 8.4-8.0). Factors most strongly associated with asthma were maternal smoking (OR= 1.41; 95% CI: 1.23 - 1.64), exposure to open fire heating (OR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.08 - 1.51) and electric heating (OR=1.13; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.28), engaging in strenuous exercise (OR= 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11 - 1.50 and monthly use of paracetamol (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.13 - 1.33, while having an elder sibling was protective for asthma (OR=0.87; 95% CI 0.77 – 0.98). Factors strongly associated with severe asthma were maternal smoking (OR=1.61; 95% CI: 1.38 - 1.89), having a cat pet at home (OR=1.14; 95% CI: 1.04 - 1.25), engaging in≥3 weekly physical exercise (OR=1.42; 95% CI: 1.23 - 1.64) and monthly consumption of paracetamol (OR=1.20; 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.34). CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of severe asthma in African children. Several environmental exposures were associated with asthma or with severe disease. Strategies to reduce harmful environmental exposures must be strengthened to reduce the burden of childhood asthma in Africa. DA - 2018 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2018 T1 - Environmental risk factors for asthma in 13-14 year old African children TI - Environmental risk factors for asthma in 13-14 year old African children UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29369 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/29369
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationAyuk AC. Environmental risk factors for asthma in 13-14 year old African children. []. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29369en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherPaediatrics
dc.titleEnvironmental risk factors for asthma in 13-14 year old African children
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMPhil
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