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Browsing by Author "Wilkinson, Robert J"

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A semi-automatic technique to quantify complex tuberculous lung lesions on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerised tomography images

Author: Malherbe, Stephanus T ; Dupont, Patrick ; Kant, Ilse ; Ahlers, Petri ; Kriel, Magdalena ; Loxton, André G ; Chen, Ray Y ; Via, Laura E ; Thienemann, Friedrich ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Barry, Clifton E ; Griffith-Richards, Stephanie ; Ellman, Annare ; Ronacher, Katharina ; Winter, Jill ; Walzl, Gerhard ; Warwick, James M Date: 25 Jun 2018 Background There is a growing interest in the use of 18F-FDG PET-CT to monitor tuberculosis (TB) treatment response. However, TB causes complex and widespread pathology, which is challenging to segment and quantify in a ... Read more
Altered ratio of IFN-γ/IL-10 in patients with drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV-tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Author: Skolimowska, Keira H ; Rangaka, Molebogeng X ; Meintjes, Graeme ; Pepper, Dominique J ; Seldon, Ronnett ; Matthews, Kerryn ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Wilkinson, Katalin A Date: 2012 We have described a clinical relationship between HIV-Tuberculosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (TB-IRIS) and anti-tubercular drug resistance. Here we studied the immune response of TB-IRIS patients from whom a drug-resistant ... Read more c b
Assessment at antiretroviral clinics during TB treatment reduces loss to follow-up among HIV-infected patients

Author: Pepper, Dominique J ; Marais, Suzaan ; Bhaijee, Feriyl ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; De Azevedo, Virginia ; Meintjes, Graeme Date: 2012 Setting: A South African township clinic where loss to follow-up during TB treatment may prevent HIV-infected TB patients from receiving life-saving ART. Objective: To determine factors associated with loss to follow-up during TB treatment. ... Read more c b
Barriers to initiation of antiretrovirals during antituberculosis therapy in Africa

Author: Pepper, Dominique J ; Marais, Suzaan ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Bhaijee, Feriyl ; De Azevedo, Virginia ; Meintjes, Graeme Date: 2011 BACKGROUND: In the developing world, the principal cause of death among HIV-infected patients is tuberculosis (TB). The initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) during TB therapy significantly improves survival, however it is not known which ... Read more c b
Cardio-thoracic ratio is stable, reproducible and has potential as a screening tool for HIV-1 related cardiac disorders in resource poor settings

Author: Esmail, Hanif ; Oni, Tolu ; Thienemann, Friedrich ; Omar-Davies, Nashreen ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Ntsekhe, Mpiko Date: 2016 BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disorders are common in HIV-1 infected persons in Africa and presentation is often insidious. Development of screening algorithms for cardiovascular disorders appropriate to a resource-constrained setting could ... Read more c b
Central nervous system disorders afrer starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa

Author: Asselman, Valerie ; Thienemann, Fredrich ; Pepper, Dominique J ; Boulle, Andrew ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Graeme Meintjes ; Marais, Suzaan Date: 2010 Objective: To describe the spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) disease during the first year of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and to determine the contribution of neurological immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Design: ... Read more
Clinical deterioration during antitubercular treatment at a district hospital in South Africa: the importance of drug resistance and AIDS defining illnesses

Author: Pepper, Dominique J ; Rebe, Kevin ; Morroni, Chelsea ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Meintjes, Graeme Date: 2009 BACKGROUND: Clinical deterioration on drug therapy for tuberculosis is a common cause of hospital admission in Africa. Potential causes for clinical deterioration in settings of high HIV-1 prevalence include drug resistant Mycobacterium ... Read more c b
Complications of antiretroviral therapy initiation in hospitalised patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis

Author: van der Plas, Helen ; Meintjes, Graeme ; Schutz, Charlotte ; Goliath, Rene ; Myer, Landon ; Baatjie, Dorothea ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Maartens, Gary ; Mendelson, Marc Date: 2013 BACKGROUND: HIV-associated tuberculosis is a common coinfection in Sub-Saharan Africa, which causes high morbidity and mortality. A sub-set of HIV-associated tuberculosis patients require prolonged hospital admission, during which antiretroviral ... Read more c b
Conserved immune recognition hierarchy of mycobacterial PE/PPE proteins during infection in natural hosts

Author: Vordermeier, H Martin ; Hewinson, R Glyn ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Wilkinson, Katalin A ; Gideon, Hannah P ; Young, Douglas B ; Sampson, Samantha L Date: 2012 The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome contains two large gene families encoding proteins of unknown function, characterized by conserved N-terminal proline and glutamate (PE and PPE) motifs. The presence of a large number of PE/PPE proteins ... Read more c b
Diagnosis, treatment and determinants of mortality in patients hospitalized with HIV-associated tuberculosis

Author: Schutz,Charlotte Date: 2021 Background: HIV-associated tuberculosis (HIV-TB) comprises 9% of global tuberculosis cases but contributes a disproportionate 17% of tuberculosis deaths. Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death, hospitalization and in-hospital death in ... Read more
Diagnosis, treatment and immunopathogenesis of the HIV-associated tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Author: Meintjes, Graeme Date: 2011 The paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is a frequent complication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among patients who start ART while on treatment for tuberculosis (TB). The condition ... Read more
High levels of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in new and treatment-failure patients from the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme in an urban metropolis (Mumbai) in Western India

Author: D'souza, Desiree TB ; Mistry, Nerges F ; Vira, Tina N ; Dholakia, Yatin ; Hoffner, Sven ; Pasvol, Geoffrey ; Nicol, Mark ; Wilkinson, Robert J Date: 2009 BACKGROUND: India, China and Russia account for more than 62% of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) globally. Within India, locations like urban metropolitan Mumbai with its burgeoning population and high incidence of TB are suspected ... Read more c b
HIV-associated sensory neuropathy in an African cohort a longitudinal study of risk factors predisposing to antiretroviral induced painful neuropathy

Author: Van der Watt, Johan J Date: 2013 Distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) amongst human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is frequently a painful and disabling condition. HIV-associated DSP is either a consequence of HIV (HIV-DSP) or antiretroviral-induced toxic ... Read more
Immune responses to the enduring hypoxic response antigen Rv0188 are preferentially detected in Mycobacterium bovis infected cattle with low pathology

Author: Jones, Gareth J ; Pirson, Chris ; Gideon, Hannah P ; Wilkinson, Katalin A ; Sherman, David R ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Hewinson, R Glyn ; Vordermeier, H Martin Date: 2011 The DosR regulon and the Enduring Hypoxic Response (EHR) define a group of M. tuberculosis genes that are specifically induced in bacilli exposed in vitro to conditions thought to mimic the environment encountered by Mycobacteria during latent ... Read more c b
Immunological analysis of pericardial tuberculosis

Author: Matthews, Kerryn Date: 2011 Pericardial tuberculosis (TB) offers a relevant human model to study TB at the site of disease and to determine the effect of HIV-1 infection. 96 Patients with pericardial TB were recruited into this study, 68 of whom were HIV-1 infected. ... Read more
Immunological characterization of the HIV-tuberculosis associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Author: Tadokera, Rabecca Date: 2011 While the integration of anti-TB and cART therapies is associated with substantial clinical improvement in the majority of patients, HIV-Tuberculosis associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (TB-IRIS) has been shown to occur in ... Read more
Immunological markers of protective immune reconstitution in HIV infected persons sensitised by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Author: Jhilmeet, Nishtha Date: 2018 Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent worldwide and HIV-1 co-infection is the leading cause of susceptibility to tuberculosis. Sub-Saharan Africa has a high incidence of TB-HIV-1 coinfection and the ... Read more
Impairment of IFN-gamma response to synthetic peptides of mycobacterium tuberculosis in a 7-day whole blood assay

Author: Gideon, Hannah Priyadarshini ; Hamilton, Melissa Shea ; Wood, Kathryn ; Pepper, Dominique ; Oni, Tolu ; Seldon, Ronnett ; Banwell, Claire ; Langford, Paul R ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Wilkinson, Katalin A Date: 2013 Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigens are of interest in order to improve vaccine efficacy and to define biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment monitoring. The methodologies used for these investigations differ greatly between ... Read more c b
Investigations into HIV-associated tuberculous meningitis

Author: Marais, Suzaan Date: 2014 [Background] Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a common form of tuberculosis in high TB incidence settings. However, the burden of disease and outcome in affected adults is unknown in Cape Town. The diagnosis of TBM is often challenging, ... Read more
Modern lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis exhibit lineage-specific patterns of growth and cytokine induction in human monocyte-derived macrophages

Author: Sarkar, Rajesh ; Lenders, Laura ; Wilkinson, Katalin A ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Nicol, Mark P Date: 2012 BACKGROUND: Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis vary in virulence. Strains that have caused outbreaks in the United States and United Kingdom have been shown to subvert the innate immune response as a potential immune evasion mechanism. ... Read more c b

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