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Browsing by Author "Maartens, Gary"

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Adverse drug reactions in South African patients receiving bedaquiline-containing tuberculosis treatment: an evaluation of spontaneously reported cases

Author: Jones, Jackie ; Mudaly, Vanessa ; Voget, Jacqueline ; Naledi, Tracey ; Maartens, Gary ; Cohen, Karen Date: 20 Jun 2019 Background Bedaquiline was recently introduced into World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended regimens for treatment of drug resistant tuberculosis. There is limited data on the long-term safety of bedaquiline. Because ... Read more
An evidence-based algorithm for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIV positive patients presenting to emergency centres

Author: van Hoving, Daniël J Date: 2021 Background Tuberculosis remains a prevalent and deadly global disease. Diagnostic delays are partly due to reduced diagnostic performance of tuberculosis tests in HIV-positive people. The use of reliable pointof-care and near-patient diagnostic ... Read more
Anti-retroviral therapy increases the prevalence of dyslipidemia in South African HIV-infected patients

Author: Dave, Joel A ; Levitt, Naomi S ; Ross, Ian L ; Lacerda, Miguel ; Maartens, Gary ; Blom, Dirk Date: 2016 Purpose Data on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and associated risk factors in HIV-infected patients from sub-Saharan Africa is sparse. We performed a cross-sectional analysis in a cohort of HIV-infected South African adults. METHODS: We ... Read more c b
Antiretroviral therapy adherence and effectiveness in a private sector disease management programme in Southern Africa

Author: Nachega, Jean B Date: 2008 Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references. Read more
Antiretroviral therapy, especially Efavirenz, is associated with low bone mineral density in HIV-infected South Africans

Author: Dave, Joel A ; Cohen, Karen ; Micklesfield, Lisa K ; Maartens, Gary ; Levitt, Naomi S Date: 2015 Purpose We determined the prevalence and correlates of low bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV-infected South Africans as there is a paucity of such data from Africa. METHODS: BMD and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured in HIV-positive ... Read more c b
Antiviral therapy in herpes virus infections

Author: Maartens, Gary Date: 2003 Herpes viruses are large, enveloped DNA viruses. There are currently 8 known human herpes viruses and 1 primate species that is a rare human pathogen. Most people have been infected with several human herpes viruses. In immunocompetent ... Read more c b n
Association of lopinavir concentrations with plasma lipid or glucose concentrations in HIV-infected South Africans: a cross sectional study

Author: Sinxadi, Phumla ; McIlleron, Helen ; Dave, Joel ; Smith, Peter ; Levitt, Naomi ; Maartens, Gary Date: 2012 BACKGROUND: Dyslipidaemia and dysglycaemia have been associated with exposure to ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors. Lopinavir/ritonavir, the most commonly used protease inhibitor in resource-limited settings, often causes dyslipidaemia. ... Read more c b
Association of lopinavir concentrations with plasma lipid or glucose concentrations in HIV-infected South Africans: a cross sectional study

Author: Sinxadi, Phumla Z ; McIlleron, Helen M ; Dave, Joel A ; Smith, Peter J ; Levitt, Naomi S ; Maartens, Gary Date: 26 Oct 2012 Abstract Background Dyslipidaemia and dysglycaemia have been associated with exposure to ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors. Lopinavir/ritonavir, the most commonly used protease inhibitor ... Read more c b
Baseline Predictors of Sputum Culture Conversion in Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Importance of Cavities, Smoking, Time to Detection and W-Beijing Genotype

Author: Visser, Marianne E ; Stead, Michael C ; Walzl, Gerhard ; Warren, Rob ; Schomaker, Michael ; Grewal, Harleen M S ; Swart, Elizabeth C ; Maartens, Gary Date: 2012 BACKGROUND: Time to detection (TTD) on automated liquid mycobacterial cultures is an emerging biomarker of tuberculosis outcomes. The M. tuberculosis W-Beijing genotype is spreading globally, indicating a selective advantage. There is a paucity ... Read more c b
C-reactive protein and procalcitonin to discriminate between tuberculosis, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, and bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected inpatients meeting WHO criteria for seriously ill: a prospective cohort study

Author: Mendelson, Fiona ; Griesel, Rulan ; Tiffin, Nicki ; Rangaka, Molebogeng ; Boulle, Andrew ; Mendelson, Marc ; Maartens, Gary Date: 14 Aug 2018 Background Tuberculosis, bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) are the three commonest causes of hospitalisation in HIV-infected adults. Prompt diagnosis and treatment ... Read more
Cases of antiretroviral-associated gynaecomastia reported to the National HIV & Tuberculosis Health Care Worker Hotline in South Africa

Author: Njuguna, Christine ; Swart, Annoesjka ; Blockman, Marc ; Maartens, Gary ; Chisholm, Briony ; Stewart, Annemie ; Uys, Anri ; Cohen, Karen Date: 16 Nov 2016 Background: Gynaecomastia is associated with exposure to antiretroviral therapy (ART), in particular efavirenz. There is limited data on clinical characteristics of patients with ART-associated gynaecomastia in resource-limited settings and ... Read more
Clinical and financial burdens of secondary level care in a public sector antiretroviral roll-out setting (G F Jooste Hospital)

Author: Kevany, Sebastian ; Meintjes, Graeme ; Rebe, Kevin ; Maartens, Gary ; Cleary, Susan Date: 2009 Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is being extended across South Africa. While efforts have been made to assess the costs of providing ART via accredited service points, little information is available on its downstream costs, particularly ... Read more c b
Clinical characteristics and initial management of patients with tuberculous pericarditis in the HIV era: the Investigation of the Management of Pericarditis in Africa (IMPI Africa) registry

Author: Mayosi, Bongani ; Wiysonge, Charles ; Ntsekhe, Mpiko ; Volmink, Jimmy ; Gumedze, Freedom ; Maartens, Gary ; Aje, Akinyemi ; Thomas, Baby ; Thomas, Kandathil ; Awotedu, Abolade ; Thembela, Bongani ; Mntla, Phindile ; Maritz, Frans ; Blackett, Kathleen ; Nkouonlack, Date: 2006 BACKGROUND:The incidence of tuberculous pericarditis has increased in Africa as a result of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. However, the effect of HIV co-infection on clinical features and prognosis in tuberculous pericarditis ... Read more c b
Clinical deterioration during antituberculosis treatment in Africa: Incidence, causes and risk factors

Author: Pepper, Dominique ; Marais, Suzaan ; Wilkinson, Robert ; Bhaijee, Feriyl ; Maartens, Gary ; McIlleron, Helen ; De Azevedo, Virginia ; Cox, Helen ; McDermid, Cheryl ; Sokhela, Simiso ; Patel, Janisha ; Meintjes, Graeme Date: 2010 BACKGROUND:HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis cause substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of antiretroviral and antituberculosis treatment in Africa, clinical deterioration during antituberculosis treatment remains ... Read more c b
Comparison of six methods to estimate adherence in an ART-naïve cohort in a resource-poor setting: which best predicts virological and resistance outcomes?

Author: Orrell, Catherine ; Cohen, Karen ; Leisegang, Rory ; Bangsberg, David R ; Wood, Robin ; Maartens, Gary Date: 04 Apr 2017 Background: Incomplete adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) results in virologic failure and resistance. It remains unclear which adherence measure best predicts these outcomes. We compared six patient-reported and objective adherence ... Read more
Complications of antiretroviral therapy initiation in hospitalised patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis

Author: van der Plas, Helen ; Meintjes, Graeme ; Schutz, Charlotte ; Goliath, Rene ; Myer, Landon ; Baatjie, Dorothea ; Wilkinson, Robert J ; Maartens, Gary ; Mendelson, Marc Date: 2013 BACKGROUND: HIV-associated tuberculosis is a common coinfection in Sub-Saharan Africa, which causes high morbidity and mortality. A sub-set of HIV-associated tuberculosis patients require prolonged hospital admission, during which antiretroviral ... Read more c b
Correction to: Diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra for tuberculosis adenitis

Author: Antel, Katherine ; Oosthuizen, Jenna ; Malherbe, Francois ; Louw, Vernon J ; Nicol, Mark P ; Maartens, Gary ; Verburgh, Estelle Date: 02 Mar 2020 After publication of the original article [1], we were notified that there is a mistake in the article note. Read more c b
Cost-effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in South Africa

Author: Badri, Motasim ; Maartens, Gary ; Mandalia, Sundhiya ; Bekker, Linda-Gail ; Penrod, John R ; Platt, Robert W ; Wood, Robin ; Beck, Eduard J Date: 2005 Healthcare costs for HIV-infected South African adults on HAART compared with costs for HIV-infected controls not on HAART. Authors conclude HAART is cost effective. Read more c b
Diagnosis, treatment and immunopathogenesis of the HIV-associated tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Author: Meintjes, Graeme Date: 2011 The paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is a frequent complication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among patients who start ART while on treatment for tuberculosis (TB). The condition ... Read more
Diagnostic accuracy of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, compared with composite reference standards, to discriminate between tuberculosis, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected inpatients meeting WHO criteria for seriously ill

Author: Mendelson, Fiona Date: 2018 Tuberculosis, bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) are the commonest causes of hospitalisation in HIV-infected individuals. Prompt diagnosis and treatment initiation are important to reduce ... Read more

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